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Polonya ahlaki kaygı sinemasında sistem eleştirisi

Authors: Kocabaylıoğlu, Duygu;

Polonya ahlaki kaygı sinemasında sistem eleştirisi

Abstract

İkinci Dünya Savaşından sonra Doğu Avrupa, Sovyetler Birliği'nin kontrolündeki komünist rejimler ile yönetilmeye başlanmıştı. Toplumdaki her birey için eşitlik, daha çok özgürlük ve sonuçta refah vaat eden, kapitalizmin nihai alternatifi olarak görülen bu sistem 1945-1989 yılları arasında Doğu Bloğu olarak adlandırılan Doğu Avrupa devletlerinin resmi rejimi olarak hüküm sürmüştür.Polonya, Doğu Bloğu ülkeleri arasında Sovyetler Birliği etkisine en çok maruz kalan ülke olmakla beraber, sosyalizmin getirilerini kendi ulusal değerleri ile birleştirerek yaşamayı tercih eden bir ülke olmuştur. Ulusal değerleri sinemasını da yansıyan Polonya, bir dönem Doğu Avrupa'nın en yetenekli sinemacılarını yetiştirmiştir.Fakat Sovyetler Birliği'nin her alanda hissedilen yoğun etkisi komünist yönetim süresince Polonyalı sinemacıların peşini bırakmamıştır. Yönetmenlerin konuları kendi istekleri doğrultusunda seçme, özgür sinema dili oluşturma ve yeri geldiğinde içinde bulundukları sistemi eleştirme girişimleri Komünist Parti kanalı ile yürütülen sansür mekanizmasının kıskacından kurtulamamıştır. Polonya sinema tarihçesi içerisinde yer alan Ahlaki Kaygı Sineması, öncellikle idealize edilen, sözde gerçekleri değil, toplumda yaşanan gerçekleri olduğu gibi gösterme amacı ile yola çıkmıştır. Bu süreçte, sinemacılar tepkilerini dile getirirken sansür mekanizmasının çevresinden dolaşmak için yeni bir anlatım tarzı geliştirmişlerdir. Bu çalışmanın hedefi Ahlaki Kaygı Sineması içerisinde yer alan sinemacıların, kendi yönetim sistemlerine, kendi içlerinden getirdikleri eleştirileri incelemektir.

After Second World War, most of the Eastern Europe countries were ruled by the communist regime as the satellites of Soviet Union. Communism as a system, that claimed to promise more equality, freedom and prosperity for each individual in community, had been the official regime from 1945 to 1989 at East European states called Eastern Bloc.Although Poland was the mostly exposed Eastern Bloc country by Soviet Union, Polish people preferred to adapt socialism with their own national values. Polish Cinema, also affected by the national values, in a certain period had raised the most talented filmmakers in Eastern Europe.The heavy influence of Soviet Union, felt in all areas of socail life, had affected Polish filmmakers during the communist governments. Attempts of film directores to choose their own subjects, to create a free cinema language and to critice the system were strictly controlled by the cencorship ruled by Communist Party. Thus the period of Cinema of Moral Concern, firstly aimed to show facts of society as the the way they happened; not as idealized or so-called facts as the Party leaders pronounced. In this process, filmmakers have developed a new style of expression in order to surpass and eliminate the affects of censorship mechanisms.The goal of this study is to examine the film makers and directors in the Cinema of Moral Concern in order to observe their internal criticism against their own governement systems.

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Keywords

Sahne ve Görüntü Sanatları, Radyo-Televizyon, Sinema_Polonya, İletişim Bilimleri, Radio and Television, Poland cinema, Poland, Communication Sciences, Cinema, Performing and Visual Arts

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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