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İbn Sina felsefesinde hareket kavramı

Authors: Dönmez, Ayşe Betül;

İbn Sina felsefesinde hareket kavramı

Abstract

Bu tez İbn Sînâ'nın doğa felsefesinde hareket kavramını ele almaktadır. Hareket kavramı, İbn Sina'nın da doğa felsefesi alanında kendisini izlediği Aristoteles'in sistemini kavramada oldukça önemlidir. Aristoteles sisteminde her bir kavram sistemdeki diğer kavramlarla bağlantılı olduğu için sistemin merkezinde yer alan hareket kavramı diğer kavramların ve genel olarak sistemin anlaşılması noktasında adeta bir anahtar konumundadır.Hareket, nesnenin en temel özelliklerindendir. İlkçağlardan itibaren doğadaki hareket ve değişim olgusu filozofların dikkatini çekmiştir. Herakleitos, evreni sürekli hareket halinde bir süreç olarak görürken Parmenides'e göre evrendeki hareket duyuların bizi yanıltmasından ibaretti. Aristoteles evrendeki değişim ve hareketi tanımlamak için kuvve ve fiil kavramlarını kullanmaktadır. Ona göre hareket, bilkuvve olanın bilkuvve olmak bakımından bilfiil hale gelmesidir. İbn Sînâ ise hareketi bilkuvve olanın aniden değil aşamalı olarak kuvveden fiile geçmesi olarak tanımlamaktadır. Fiil kuvvenin yetkinlik hali olduğuna göre hareket, bilkuvve olanın ilk yetkinliği olmaktadır. Bu anlamda, varlığın ortaya çıkışını ve bilginin elde etme sürecini anlamak için hareketin tanımı bilinmelidir.Hareketin gerçekleşmesi için zaman, mekan ve bir hareket ettirici olmak zorundadır. Bu nedenle tezde hareketle bağlantılı olarak zaman, mekan ve boşluk kavramları da açıklanmıştır. Öte yandan Aristoteles siteminin zirvesinde yer alan Muharrik-i Evvel dediği hareket etmeyen bir hareket ettiricinin varlığını nedensellik ilişkisi sonucunda nasıl zorunlu hale getirdiğine de değinilmiştir.Aristoteles ile İbn Sina'nın Fizik adlı eserlerini karşılaştırmalı olarak çalıştığımız bu tezde İbn Sînâ'nın hareket kavramını açıklamada Aristoteles'in görüşlerine ve metoduna sadık kalarak sistemi tamamlayıp geliştirmede önemli rol oynadığını ifade etmeye çalıştık.

This thesis discusses the concept of motion in the philosophy of Ibn Sina. The concept of motion is crucial for understanding the Aristotelian system which Ibn Sina follows in his philosophy of nature. Since in Aristotelian system all concepts are interconnected, the concept of motion which is in the center of the system is a key for understanding other concepts and the system as a whole.Motion is one of the most essential properties of an object. The phenomena of motion and change in nature have interested philosophers since ancient times. While Heraclitus saw the universe as a process in constant motion, for Parmenides the motion in the universe was just a sensory illusion. Aristotle uses notions of potentiality and actuality to describe change and motion in the universe. For him, motion is the actualization of potentiality in so far as it is potential. However, Ibn Sina defines motion not as an immediate but as a gradual shift from potentiality to actuality. Since action is perfection of potential, potentiality becomes first perfection of that exists. In this regard, to understand the being of the existence and the process of acquiring knowledge, the definition of motion must be known.Motion presupposes time, space, and mover. Thus, in the thesis concepts of time, space, and vacuum are defined with regard to motion. On the other hand, a discussion of how Ibn Sina necessitates the existence of the unmoved mover, what Aristotle calls the prime mover, through the causal relations is included. We attempted to express the important role Ibn Sina played while defining the concept of motion by remaining faithful to Aristotle?s ideas and method in the meantime completing and developing them.

117

Country
Turkey
Related Organizations
Keywords

Religion, Philosophy, Motion, Felsefe, Nature philosophy, Din, Physics, İbn Sînâ, Space, Stability, İbn Sina, İslam Felsefesi, Time

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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