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Doctoral thesis . 2017
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Tratamiento electroquímico de efluentes con compuestos gaseosos de azufre

Authors: Fornés, Juan Pablo;

Tratamiento electroquímico de efluentes con compuestos gaseosos de azufre

Abstract

La presente tesis analiza desde el punto de vista de la ingeniería electroquímica el tratamiento de efluentes gaseosos sulfurados, principalmente dióxido de azufre y sulfuro de hidrógeno con el objetivo de transformarlos en azufre elemental y ácido sulfúrico. Se evalúan, a partir de figuras de mérito, diferentes configuraciones de reactores electroquímicos para atender a las necesidades de cada sistema, comparando los resultados experimentales con modelos matemáticos. Experimentos iniciales para el tratamiento de dióxido de azufre destacan al acero inoxidable 316 y al carbón vítreo como materiales promisorios catódicos y anódicos, respectivamente. Como estrategias para aminorar la pasivación de los electrodos debido a la producción de azufre se implementó un reactor dividido, la generación de hidrógeno, la limpieza mecánica, el aumento de la temperatura y la aplicación de ultrasonido. Se experimenta con reactores de electrodo cilíndrico rotatorio y electrodos planos paralelos con doble canal convergente destacando la factibilidad técnica de los mismos e identificando las condiciones de operación óptimas en cada caso. La mayor producción específica se obtiene en el reactor con electrodo cilíndrico rotatorio bifásico en presencia de ultrasonido. La oxidación anódica de sulfuro de hidrógeno sobre un electrodo de plomo en medio alcalino presenta un control cinético por reacción química. Se evalúa el desempeño del sistema trabajando a 80 ºC en un reactor con electrodo cilíndrico rotatorio bi y tridimensional. La incorporación de una fase gaseosa en el seno del electrodo tridimensional presenta la mayor producción específica y excelentes condiciones de transferencia de materia gas-líquido.

This thesis analyzes, from the point of view of electrochemical engineering, the treatment of sulfided gaseous effluents, mainly sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide with the aim of transforming them into elemental sulfur and sulfuric acid. Different configurations of electrochemical reactors are evaluated, based on figures of merit, to know the needs of each system, comparing the experimental results with mathematical models. Preliminary experiments for the treatment of sulfur dioxide highlight stainless steel 316 and vitreous carbon as promising cathodic and anodic materials, respectively. The following strategies were used in order to reduce the passivation of the electrodes due to the production of sulfur: a two compartments reactor , hydrogen evolution, mechanical cleaning, increase of temperature and the application of ultrasound. It is experimented with rotating cylindrical electrode reactors and parallel plate electrodes with double convergent channel, highlighting the technical feasibility of these equipments and identifying the optimum operating conditions in each case. The highest space time yield is obtained in the reactor with two-phase rotating cylindrical electrode in the presence of ultrasound. The anodic oxidation of hydrogen sulfide on a lead coated electrode in an alkaline medium presents a kinetic control by chemical reaction. The performance of the system is evaluated working at 80 ºC in a reactor with bi-and three-dimensional rotating cylindrical electrodes. The incorporation of a gaseous phase within the three-dimensional structure presents the highest space time yield and excellent gas-liquid mass-transfer conditions.

Fil: Fornés, Juan Pablo. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; Argentina.

Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica

Universidad Nacional del Litoral

Country
Argentina
Keywords

Gaseous effluents, Reactores electroquímicos, Electrochemical reactors, Tratamiento de efluentes, Electrochemical engineering, Waste treatment, Ingeniería electroquímica, TRATAMIENTO DE EFLUENTES, Reactores bifásicos, INGENIERIA ELECTROQUIMICA, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2.4, REACTORES ELECTROQUIMICOS, Producción de azufre, Biphasic reactors, Sulfur production, Efluentes gaseosos, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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