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Doctoral thesis . 2019
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Volcanismo submarino sinsedimentario y estilo de emplazamiento de cuerpos silíceos subvolcánicos, durante el Paleozoico Inferior en el ámbito de la Puna

Authors: Quiroga, Mirta Fátima;

Volcanismo submarino sinsedimentario y estilo de emplazamiento de cuerpos silíceos subvolcánicos, durante el Paleozoico Inferior en el ámbito de la Puna

Abstract

En el Noroeste Argentino, el magmatismo de la Faja Magmática de la Puna Oriental ha sido tema de debate y controversia en los últimos años y abordado desde distintos puntos de vista y por diferentes autores. Los estudios de mayor detalle, como petrológicos y geocronológicos, están centrados principalmente en los representantes plutónicos, mientras que para los subvolcánicos/volcánicos son pocos los autores que intentan caracterizar estas unidades y el estilo de emplazamiento de los magmas.Las secuencias paleozoicas de la Puna Septentrional registran la superposición de distintos eventos de deformación que sumado a un metamorfismo de bajo grado, dificultan enormemente la caracterización de las sucesiones volcánicas-sedimentarias. No obstante, en los últimos años distintos autores han observado un importante volcanismo silíceo del tipo submarino, efusivo y contemporáneo con la sedimentación silicoclástica, en el ámbito de la cuenca de tras-arco paleozoica.En la presente contribución se caracterizan e interpretan afloramientos ubicados en una faja submeridional dentro del ámbito de la Puna salteña y jujeña. En esta faja fueron seleccionadas distintas quebradas en las que se realizó una caracterización facial, definiendo facies sedimentarias, volcánicas y volcanosedimentarias. Por otro lado, se levantaron perfiles y columnas que muestran las relaciones entre facies con la finalidad de reconstruir la arquitectura volcánica y establecer el estilo de emplazamientos de los cuerpos dacíticos.En este trabajo se resaltan los principales criterios a tener en cuenta a la hora de caracterizar genéticamente las distintas brechas asociadas a los cuerpos dacíticos coherentes. Se considera que el análisis facial, textural y petrográfico de detalle son una herramienta muy útil en el estudio de sucesiones antiguas. La metodología empleada en esta contribución, podría ser aplicada del mismo modo en otras sucesiones correlacionables de la región, con el fin de reconstruir la historia volcánica de la cuenca paleozoica de la Puna.Esta contribución demuestra que el volcanismo en la región fue contemporáneo con la sedimentación silicoclástica y habría comenzado en el Tremadociano Tardío y continuado hasta el Silúrico Bajo. Este volcanismo se compone de dacitas, peraluminosas, calcoalcalinas altas en potasio que se correlacionan geoquímica y temporalmente con otras rocas volcánicas de la región (Cochinoca-Escaya, Taique, Salar Centenario, sierras de Las Planchadas y Narváez) y con los granitoides de la Faja Magmática de la Puna Oriental, típicos de ambiente de tras-arco.Las unidades dacíticas son homogéneas texturalmente, presentan viscosidades altas (~1020 poises), temperaturas del orden de los 800ºC, contenidos de agua entre 6-7% en peso y comparten la misma fuente magmática.Los cuerpos dacíticos se habrían emplazado como domos subácueos y sills dentro de una pila sedimentaria, húmeda y localmente inconsolidada, generando distintos tipos de brechas volcánicas y volcanosedimentarias (pseudobrechas, hialoclastitas, peperitas y brechas volcánicas con textura peperítica).En líneas generales, se observa que los cuerpos dacíticos y las brechas asociadas son de mayores espesores en la Puna jujeña comparados con los de la Puna salteña. Por otro lado, la disposición submeridional de los afloramientos, sugiere algún tipo de control estructural en la cuenca de trasarco durante el Paleozoico Inferior.

In the Nothwestern of Argentina, the magmatism of the Faja Magmática de la Puna Oriental has been the topic of debate and controversy in recent years and it has been approached from different points of view and authors. The most detailed studies, such as petrological and geochronological, are mainly focused on the plutonic counterpart, while the subvolcanic/volcanic counterparts are few authors trying to characterize these units and the emplacement styles of silicic magmas. The northern Puna Paleozoic sequences have recorded the superposition of different deformation events that added to a low grade metamorphism, greatly complicates the characterization of the volcanic-sedimentary sequences. However, in recent years different Geol. Mirta Fátima Quiroga 5 authors have observed an important siliceous effusive submarine volcanism contemporary with siliciclastic sedimentation in the Puna backarc-basin. In the present thesis are characterized and interpreted outcrops located in a submeridional belt in the context of the Salta and Jujuy segment of Puna. In this belt, different sections were selected to carry out facial analysis, defining sedimentary, volcanic and volcano-sedimentary facies. On the other hand, cross-sections and columns were elaborated to show the facies relations in order to establish the emplacement styles of coherent dacite bodies. This contribution highlights the main criteria to be taken into account to characterize different types of breccias associated with coherent dacitic bodies. It is considered that the detail facial, textural and petrographic analyses are a very useful tool in the study of ancient successions. The methodology used in this contribution is considered it could be applied in the same way in other similar successions along the region in order to reconstruct the volcanic architecture of Puna Paleozoic basin. The studied volcanism was contemporary with the siliciclastic sedimentation and this type of volcanism would have started during the Upper Tremadoc and followed during the Lower Silurian. This volcanism is composed of peraluminous and high in potassium calcoalkaline dacites that correlate geochemically and temporarily with other volcanis rocks (CochinocaEscaya, Taique, Salar Centenario, sierras de Las Planchadas y Narváez) in the region and with granitoids from Faja Magmática de la Puna Oriental, typical of the backarc- basin. The dacitic units are texturally homogeneous, have high viscosities (~ 1020 poises), ~ 800°C magma temperature, 6-7 wt% water contents and all units share the same magmatic source. These dacitic bodies have been emplaced as subaqueous domes and sills into wet and locally unconsolidated sedimentary pile, developing different types of volcanic and volcanosedimentary breccias (pseudobreccias, hyaloclastites, peperites and volcanic breccias with peperitic texture). In general, it is observed that the dacitic bodies and associated breccias have the greater thicknesses in Jujuy segment compared to those of Salta segment of Puna. The north-south trend Geol. Mirta Fátima Quiroga 6 of the outcrops, suggests some type of structural control into the backarc basin during the Lower Paleozoic.

Fil: Quiroga, Mirta Fátima. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía no Convencional; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

Peperitas, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5, Volcanismo Efusivo, Domos Subácueos, Sills Sinsedimentarios, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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