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Clima emocional, inseguridad y miedo al delito. Percepciones diferenciales en función del auto-posicionamiento ideológico

Authors: Muratori, Marcela; Zubieta, Elena Mercedes;

Clima emocional, inseguridad y miedo al delito. Percepciones diferenciales en función del auto-posicionamiento ideológico

Abstract

Resumen: El clima emocional no es la simple suma de las emociones individuales sino un afecto colectivo generado por cómo los individuos interactúan unos con otros como respuestas colectivas a sus condiciones económicas, políticas y sociales (de Rivera, 2014). Por su parte, en el contexto argentino la inseguridad es el principal problema social percibido en los últimos años. Sobre este marco, se realizó un estudio con el objetivo de analizar el clima emocional, la percepción de inseguridad y el miedo al delito junto a otros factores psicosociales asociados, y de explorar los perfiles perceptivos diferenciales según el auto-posicionamiento ideológico. La muestra, intencional, estuvo compuesta por 516 estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados dan cuenta de un clima emocional negativo (enfado y desesperanza), baja confianza institucional, frustración anómica y alta percepción de inseguridad. Se observan diferencias al comparar a los participantes en función de su autoposicionamiento ideológico. La percepción del clima emocional es más positivo cuánto más a la izquierda se ubican los participantes, manifestando mayor seguridad, menor desesperanza y enfado. Exhiben además menos miedo al delito, menor preocupación por la inseguridad y menor probabilidad de victimización. Sin embargo, quienes se posicionan ideológicamente hacia la derecha muestran mayores niveles de frustración anómica, y la confianza (o desconfianza) institucional varía por el posicionamiento ideológico en función de la institución. Finalmente, la heteropercepción de inseguridad es mayor que la autopercepción, surgiendo de este modo mecanismos defensivos como la ilusión de invulnerabilidad, que conllevan mayor riesgo.

Abstract: An emotional climate is not the mere sum of individual emotions but a collective phenomenon generated by how individuals interact with others as collective answers to their economic, political and social conditions (de Rivera, 2014). Meanwhile, in the Argentine context, insecurity is the main social problem perceived in the last years. On this frame, a study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the emotional climate, the perception of insecurity and the fear of crime along with other psychosocial factors, and of exploring differential perceptive profiles according to the ideological self-positioning. The sample, intentional, was composed by 516 college students. The results show a negative emotional climate (anger and hopelessness), low institutional trust, anomic frustration and high perception of insecurity. Differences were observed when comparing the participant´s perception in function of their ideological self-positioning. Perception of a positive emotional climate is greater among people who are more oriented to the left, showing more security, less hopelessness and anger. Also, participants with left political orientation exhibit less fear of crime, less concern about insecurity and a minor probability of victimization risk. However, those who were positioned ideologically towards the right show higher levels of anomic frustration, and institutional trust (or distrust) varies by ideological positioning depending on the institution which is being evaluated. Finally, the others perception of insecurity is greater than the own perception, thus emerging as defensive mechanisms illusion of invulnerability, which carry higher risk.

Fil: Muratori, Marcela. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía; Argentina

Fil: Muratori, Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Fil: Zubieta, Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Fil: Zubieta, Elena. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina

Fil: Zubieta, Elena. Universidad del País Vasco; España

Country
Argentina
Keywords

CONDICIONES POLITICAS, AUTO-POSICIONAMIENTO IDEOLÓGICO, inseguridad, miedo al delito, PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL, auto-posicionamiento ideológico., BF1-990, DELITO, MIEDO AL DELITO, clima emocional, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.1, CLIMA EMOCIONAL, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5, INSEGURIDAD, Psychology, IDEOLOGIA, EMOCION, CONDICIONES SOCIALES

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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gold