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Article . 2015
License: CC BY NC SA
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Escurrimiento en sistema de siembra directa: efecto de algunos factores meteorológicos

Authors: Castiglione, Mario; Zimmermann, Erik Daniel;

Escurrimiento en sistema de siembra directa: efecto de algunos factores meteorológicos

Abstract

El escurrimiento superficial es un proceso que debe ser considerado por su efecto sobre el ambiente como también por sus consecuencias productivas. Dada su importancia a escala de lote de producción, el objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar la incidencia de las precipitaciones, la temperatura y otros efectos estacionales, sobre las características de los escurrimientos de un Argiudol vértico cultivado en un sistema de siembra directa. El trabajo se desarrolló en un lote con maíz en siembra directa, ubicado en Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina (33°02'14,84"S, 60°54'04.40"O). Con la información proveniente de las lluvias (lámina, intensidad, duración y precipitaciones previas), de las temperaturas (máximas y medias diarias), de los escurrimientos (lámina, duración y caudal pico) y de algunos parámetros estimados (curva número, condición antecedente de humedad, tiempo de retraso y coeficientes de abstracción inicial y de escurrimiento), se estudió el grado de vinculación entre las diferentes variables climáticas y de escurrimiento. Se pudo comprobar una fuerte relación entre las precipitaciones caídas los cinco días previos a cada evento de escurrimiento con el valor de la curva número, la lámina escurrida y el coeficiente de escurrimiento. La lluvia de los diez días anteriores influyó sobre el coeficiente de abstracción inicial, aumentando su valor a partir de precipitaciones previas mayores a los 40 mm. Las lluvias y las temperaturas máximas o medias de los diez a quince días previos, incidieron sobre la extensión del tiempo de retraso. Al estimar la lluvia en exceso considerando la abstracción inicial registrada a campo, la dinámica del escurrimiento y el caudal pico predichos presentaron resultados más satisfactorios, respecto a emplear la metodología tradicional pautada por el modelo de la curva número. No se observaron efectos estacionales o de las diferentes etapas del cultivo de maíz (barbecho o período de crecimiento), sobre el comportamiento hidrológico de la parcela.

Surface runoff should be taken into account not only for its impact on the environment but also for its effect on crop production. Surface runoff should be evaluated at the field scale; the objective of this study was to evaluate rainfall, temperature and other seasonal effects on runoff characteristics of a vertic Argiudol under no-tillage. The study was conducted in a corn field under no-tillage in Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina (33°02'14.84"S, 60°54'04.40"O). With the rainfall information (amount, duration, intensity and previous rainfall), temperatures (maximum and average daily), runoff (amount, duration and peak flow) and some estimated parameters (curve number, previous moisture condition, lag time and initial abstraction and runoff coefficients) the association among the different climatic and runoff variables was studied. A strong relationship was observed between rainfall the previous five days and the curve number value, runoff depth and runoff coefficient. Ten day= previous rainfall influenced the initial abstraction coefficient, increasing its value with previous rainfall greater than 40 mm. Rainfall and maximum or average temperatures of ten to fifteen days previous rainfall impacted on the delay time extent (Lag). When rainfall excess was estimated taking into account the field initial abstraction, runoff dynamics and peak flow were more satisfactory predicted compared to the results obtained with the traditional methodology used by the curve number model. Seasonal effects and corn growth stages (fallow or growing period) did not affect the hydrological plot response.

Fil: Zimmermann, Erik Daniel. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Fil: Castiglione, Mario. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5, ABSTRACCION INICIAL, LLUVIA ANTECEDENTE, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1, TIEMPO DE RETRASO

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Green