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Estudios de biodeterioro en las Ruinas de San Ignacio Miní, Misiones

Authors: Nuñez, Gabriela; Kuppers, Gabriela Cristina; Guiamet, Patricia Sandra; Gómez de Saravia, Sandra Gabriela;

Estudios de biodeterioro en las Ruinas de San Ignacio Miní, Misiones

Abstract

Las Ruinas de San Ignacio Miní, emplazadas en las cercanías del río Paraná, provincia de Misiones, fueron declaradas patrimonio de la humanidad por la UNESCO en 1984. En sus construcciones predomina la piedra asperón rojo, típica de la zona. El conjunto de la Misión de San Ignacio Miní no debería ser visualizado como una ruina, el propósito de preservar su arquitectura tiene que ver con la idea de establecer un diálogo intertemporal con una experiencia extraordinaria. Tanto los indígenas como los jesuitas, construyeron una forma de vida que preservó la identidad guaraní. Es necesario entonces, llamar la atención sobre la necesidad de estudiar el biodeterioro que sufren estas construcciones y así, poder implementar medidas de protección y realizar las tareas sucesivas de restauración. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la colonización biológica de las Ruinas y el efecto en el biodeterioro de las mismas. Se tomaron muestras de los biofilms formados sobre las superficies, que luego se analizaron en el laboratorio utilizando técnicas microbiológicas y microscópicas (microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido). Se realizó también el estudio químico de las superficies colonizadas utilizando el análisis de energía por dispersión de rayos x (EDX). Se aislaron bacterias, cianobacterias, hongos, protozoos y líquenes. Se observó un efecto sinérgico de los factores ambientales y la actividad biológica, que puede conducir al deterioro químico y/o físico de estas construcciones.

The Ruins of San Ignacio Miní, located in the margins of the Paraná river, Misiones province, were declared as cultural heritage by the UNESCO in 1984. In their buildings prevails the rock red sandstone, which is typical from this region. The Mission of San Ignacio Miní should not be considered as a ruin, since the purpose of their preservation deals with the idea of establishing an intertemporal dialog with an extraordinary experience. Indians as well as Jesuits, had a way of life that preserved the identity of the guaraní culture. In this way, biodeterioration studies become very important to the implementation of protection acts and the consequent restoration. The aim of this work was studying the biological colonization of the Ruins and the effect in their biodeterioration. Biofilms samples were analyzed applying microbiological and microscopic techniques (light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy). The chemical study of colonized surfaces was also performed by the surface analytical techniques (EDX). Bacteria, cianobacteria, fungi, protozoa and lichens were isolated from the samples. A synergistic effect of environmental factors and biological activity was observed, which can lead to chemical and/or physical deterioration of these constructions.

Fil: Gómez de Saravia, Sandra Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; Argentina

Fil: Guiamet, Patricia Sandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; Argentina

Fil: Nuñez, Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial. Centro de Invest.y Desarrollo del Cuero. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Invest.científicas. Centro de Invest.y Desarrollo del Cuero; Argentina

Fil: Kuppers, Gabriela Cristina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

Bioquímica, BIOFILMS, RUINAS DE SAN IGNACIO MINI, PROTOZOOS, Biología, BIODETERIORO, Protozoos, Ruinas de San Ignacio Mini, EDX, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6, Biofilms, BACTERIAS, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1, Bacterias, Biodeterioro

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Green