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Article . 2022
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Contribuciones composicionales, térmicas y tectónicas a la elevación actual de los Andes Centrales y sus zonas de antearco y antepaís

Authors: Prezzi, Claudia Beatriz; Ibarra, Federico;

Contribuciones composicionales, térmicas y tectónicas a la elevación actual de los Andes Centrales y sus zonas de antearco y antepaís

Abstract

Los Andes Centrales están caracterizados por una serie de unidades morfoestructurales que presentan rasgos estratigráficos, estructurales y geomorfológicos distintivos. Destacan a simple vista las marcadas variaciones topográficas transversales al orógeno. Estudios teóricos sobre la elevación de los continentes han discretizado distintas componentes que contribuyen a la elevación observada, prevaleciendo las contribuciones composicional y térmica. Investigaciones previas han demostrado que la región presenta una alta variabilidad en su composición cortical y estado termal. Estas variaciones podrían ejercer un control en la topografía regional, como ya ha sido señalado en un estudio previo del plateau Altiplano-Puna. En esta línea, este trabajo se propone investigar la relación entre la elevación actual de los Andes Centrales, su composición cortical y estado térmico. La contribución térmica esperada para cada unidad morfoestructural fue calculada en base al desarrollo de modelos térmicos 1D construidos utilizando datos de flujo térmico superficial. Con el objetivo de remover la contribución composicional de la corteza a la elevación observada, se calculó una elevación normalizada. Dicha elevación fue comparada con la contribución térmica estimada para evaluar su ajuste en cada unidad morfoestructural. El plateau Altiplano-Puna y la Cordillera Occidental muestran una buena correlación, sugiriendo que la composición y temperatura controlan su elevación actual. Por el contrario, en los otros sectores se observa un desajuste. El análisis detallado de cada unidad sugiere que los procesos tectónicos de subducción, las contribuciones del manto y los estados transitorios deben ser también considerados como contribuciones importantes al estado térmico y/o a la elevación actual.

The Central Andes of South America are characterized by different morphotectonic units that exhibit distinctive stratigraphic, structural, and geomorphic features. In particular, the topographic variations across the orogen are remarkably notorious. Theoretical studies on the elevation of continents have discretized distinct components that contribute to the observed elevation, among which the com positional and thermal contributions prevail. Previous investigations in the Central Andes have shown that the region presents a high variability in its crustal composition and thermal state. Such variations could exert a first-order control on the regional topography, as shown previously for the Altiplano-Puna plateau area. This study, therefore, sets out to investigate the relationship between the present-day elevation of the Central Andes, its crustal composition, and its thermal state. We first calculated the predicted thermal contribution for each morphotectonic unit based on 1D geotherms modeled on the basis of surface heat-flow data. In order to remove the compositional contribution of the crust, we then calculated a normalized elevation. This elevation was compared to the predicted thermal contribution to evaluate their fit in each morphotectonic unit. The Altiplano-Puna plateau and the Western Cordillera exhibit a good correlation, suggesting that composition and temperature control their present-day elevation. Conversely, the other areas show a significant misfit. The detailed analysis of the remaining morphotectonic units suggests that tectonic processes at the subduction zone, mantle contributions, and transient states (i.e. not stationary, not in equilibrium) need to be considered as important contributors to the present-day thermal state and/or elevation.

Fil: Prezzi, Claudia Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentina

Fil: Ibarra, Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Geociencias Básicas, Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

TOPOGRAFÍA, TEMPERATURA, TECTÓNICA, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1, ORÓGENO ANDINO, COMPOSICIÓN

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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