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Impacto del efecto relativo de la edad y el género en la evaluación de la condición física en alumnos de secundaria

Authors: Cervera Raga, Victor; Jiménez Saíz, Sergio; Lorenzo Calvo, Alberto;

Impacto del efecto relativo de la edad y el género en la evaluación de la condición física en alumnos de secundaria

Abstract

El Efecto Relativo de la Edad (RAE) se refiere a la variabilidad en el potencial cognitivo y biológico, que aparece entre individuos agrupados por su edad cronológica, que provoca desigualdades en su rendimiento. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar si la distribución de los nacimientos en el año y el género, afectan a la nota en Educación Física (EF) obtenida a través de test físicos. La nota de 252 alumnos (124 hombres y 128 mujeres) en los test físicos obtenidos en la asignatura de Educación Física, fue analizada formando 5 grupos de acuerdo al curso, divididos en cuatro cuartiles de nacimiento: a) Primer cuartil (Enero-Marzo); b) Segundo cuartil (Abril-Junio); c) Tercer cuartil (Julio-Septiembre); y d) Cuarto cuartil (Octubre-Diciembre) en cada una de las edades comprendidas entre 13 y 17 años. Aparecieron diferencias al comparar la nota en relación al cuartil de nacimiento (F(3, 24) = 5.39; p < .01; ?2 = .06 Potencia observada ß = .93) y respecto al género (F(1, 24) = 13.20; p < .01; ?2 = .05 Potencia observada ß = .95). Los resultados sugieren que existen diferencias en el rendimiento en las pruebas físicas en la asignatura de EF respecto al cuartil de nacimiento y al género. Basándose en la evidencia se podría sugerir la consideración por parte de los profesores de EF de estos resultados ya que las evaluaciones en Educación Física a través de test físicos podrían representar una desventaja a los alumnos nacidos en los meses finales del año. Al mismo tiempo diferencias de género aparecen al utilizar este tipo de evaluaciones.

Physical fitness testing is commonplace in schools and in the physical education (PE) curriculum. Despite this, much controversy surrounds the issue of student fitness testing. The Relative Effect of Age (REA) is the potential cognitive and biological variability among individuals of an agegrouped cohort, and its presence within cohorts has previously been identified as affecting an individual's ability to demonstrate relative proficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether birth-date distributions and gender affect physical education (PE) fitness testing results. 252 (124 male and 128 female) pupils' PE fitness testing marks were recorded at a large secondary school. 5 groups were formed from the students for that academic year, dividing them into 4 birth quartiles: a) first quartile (January-March); b) second quartile (April-June); c) third quartile (July-September); and d) fourth quartile (October-December). Significant differences were found when the fitness testing marks were compared with the birth-date distribution (F(3, 24) = 5.39; p < .01; ?² = .06; ß = .93) and gender (F(1, 24) = 13.20; p < .01; ?² = .05; ß = .95). The results of the study suggest that there is a difference in fitness testing performance, depending on the birth quartile and gender. Based on the evidence, the paper concludes that much of the fitness testing carried out in PE classes may well represent a disadvantage for students born in the final months of the year. At the same time, gender differences were also found in this type of testing.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Fitness testing, Proves d'aptitut, Efecte relatiu de l'edat, Physical education, Ciencias Sociales, Educació física, Deporte, Avaluació, Evaluation, Fisiología humana, Relative effect of age, Deportes

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green