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Conservación de la diversidad del sotobosque en bosques de Nothofagus pumilio bajo distintos tipos de aprovechamiento forestal

Authors: Gallo, Emilce Andrea;

Conservación de la diversidad del sotobosque en bosques de Nothofagus pumilio bajo distintos tipos de aprovechamiento forestal

Abstract

Traditional harvesting homogenizes forest structure and affects biodiversity. New harvesting alternatives combine economic and ecological objectives across different shapes and degrees of retention to improve conservation. I studied variable retention harvesting alternatives, and analyzed its contribution to understory conservation. Sampling was done in pure Nothofagus pumilio stands (Tierra del Fuego), before (along a site quality and canopy cover gradients) and after harvesting during the first four years, on four treatments: aggregated retention (28% retention); dispersed retention (30%); combined dispersed and aggregated retention (50%); and primary forests (control). I surveyed forest structure, soil and microclimatic characteristics, regeneration and understory plant diversity. Data analyses included parametric and non-parametric, univariate and multivariate tests. Before harvesting, primary forest structure and understory diversity changed naturally whit site qualities (more productive and diverse in high qualities). Harvesting modified forest structure, microclimate and soil nutrient contents, increasing richness, cover and biomass of understory plants. The change magnitude was related with shape and degrees of retention, and it was intensified with the years. Aggregated retention maintained many conditions of the original forest, while dispersed retention attenuated impacts of clear-cut. The site quality influenced the understory response to harvesting, with greater changes in bryophyte and pteridophyte. The success of regeneration is related with the degree of retention, showing greater seed production and recruitment under high canopy cover (aggregates), and higher growth and survival under intermediate cover (dispersed retention). Combined retention generates lesser impacts on understory than other retention harvestings, being the best alternative to satisfy production and conservation objectives.

El aprovechamiento homogeneiza la estructura forestal y afecta la biodiversidad. Las nuevas propuestas aplican distintos grados y formas de retención, compatibilizando objetivos económicos y ecológicos. Esta tesis comparó tres propuestas de aprovechamiento en bosques de puros de Nothofagus pumilio (Tierra del Fuego), analizando su contribución a la conservación del sotobosque. Los muestreos se realizaron antes (en diferentes calidades de sitio y coberturas) y después del aprovechamiento durante los cuatro primeros años, en cuatro tratamientos: retención agregada-28% retención; dispersa-30%; combinada (agregada+dispersa)-50%; bosque primario (control). Se evaluaron estructrua forestal, características microclimáticas y edáficas, regeneración y diversidad de plantas del sotobosque. Los análisis incluyeron pruebas paramétricas y no-paramétricas, uni y multivariadas. Antes del aprovechamiento, la estructura forestal y la diversidad del sotobosque variaron naturalmente con la calidad de sitio (más productivo y diverso en calidades altas). El aprovechamiento modificó estructura, microclima y contenido de nutrientes del suelo, aumentando riqueza, cobertura y biomasa del sotobosque. Los cambios se relacionaron con la forma y el grado de retención, y se intensificaron con los años. La retención agregada mantuvo muchas condiciones del bosque original, la dispersa atenuó los cambios de la tala rasa. La calidad de sitio influyó en la respuesta del sotobosque, siendo briófitas y pteridófitas más afectadas. La regeneración está relacionada con la retención, siendo mayores la producción de semillas e instalación en agregados, y mayor el crecimiento y la supervivencia en retención dispersa. La retención combinada genera menor impacto sobre el sotobosque, siendo la mejor alternativa para satisfacer objetivos de producción y conservación.

Fil: Gallo, Emilce Andrea. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas; Argentina.

Country
Argentina
Related Organizations
Keywords

Línea base, Diversidad de plantas del sotobosque, Aggregated retention, Baseline, Retención agregada, Variable retention, Calidad de sitio, Site quality, Dispersed retention, Understory plant diversity, Retención dispersa

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Italian National Biodiversity Future Center