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Desarrollo de sustratos sin suelo para el cultivo en macetas de plantas florales

Authors: Barbaro, Lorena Alejandra;

Desarrollo de sustratos sin suelo para el cultivo en macetas de plantas florales

Abstract

El sustrato es un insumo para el sector florícola de gran interés en el Área metropolitana bonaerense (AMBA) y el suelo mineral es uno de los materiales más utilizado como componente. Sin embargo, por ser un recurso limitado y de variable calidad, es necesario buscar alternativas para disminuir su uso. Por este motivo esta tesis tiene como objetivo verificar la calidad de materiales disponibles en el AMBA para desarrollar sustratos sin suelo para el cultivo en maceta de plantas florales. Muestras de turba subtropical, pinocha y corteza de pino compostada, obtenidas mensualmente durante un año en tres empresas de la zona, fueron analizadas física y químicamente para determinar la variabilidad temporal de las propiedades. Se seleccionaron los materiales de menor variabilidad para formular siete sustratos que fueron analizados y comparados con un sustrato comercial y local. Posteriormente, fueron evaluados mediante el cultivo en maceta de plantas florales. Los resultados indicaron que la turba subtropical, la pinocha y la corteza de pino compostada son materiales viables para ser utilizados como componente de sustratos. La variación temporal de cada material fue disminuida cuando fueron procesados y la conductividad eléctrica fue una de las propiedades más variables. Todos los sustratos formulados produjeron plantines florales de calidad, pero se destacaron las mezclas con las siguientes proporciones de corteza de pino compostada, pinocha y turba subtropical: 1:1:1, 1:2:1, 1:2:2, 2:1:2 y 2:2:1. Estos sustratos se caracterizaron por tener una capacidad de retención de agua superior a 50% y una porosidad de aireación menor a 35%.

The substrate is an input of great interest for the floriculture sector in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area (AMBA). However, the mineral soil is the most widely used component of the substrates. However, since the soil is a limited resource, it is necessary to find other alternatives for making substrates. For this reason, the aim of this study was to verify the potential of available materials in the for producing soilless substrates to grow potted flowering plants. Subtropical peat samples, pine acicules and composted pine bark, were obtained monthly during one year from three companies, and were physically and chemically analyzed to determine the temporal variability of their properties. The materials that showed the lower variability were selected for making seven substrates. They were analyzed and compared with a local and with a commercial substrate. Then, they were evaluated by growing potted flowering plants. The results showed that subtropical peat, pine acicules and composted pine bark are viable materials to be used as substrates components. Temporal variation of each material was decreased when they were processed. Electrical conductivity was one of the more variable properties. All formulated substrates produced seedlings flowers of good quality, but five mixtures were considered to be better. These substrates had a water holding capacity greater than 50% and aeration porosity smaller than 35%.

Fil: Barbaro, Lorena Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Floricultura; Argentina

Tesis para optar al grado de Magister Scientiae en Cultivos Intensivos, de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral, en 2011

Instituto de Floricultura

Country
Argentina
Related Organizations
Keywords

Turba, Peat, Trozos de corteza, Flowers, Soilless Culture, Flores, Growing Media, Floriculture, Floricultura, Growing media, Substratos de Cultivo, Bark products, Cultivo sin Tierra, Substratos de cultivo

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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