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Determinación de eficiencia técnica en tambos de la Provincia de Córdoba. Efectos de la carga animal y el consumo de concentrado

Authors: Centeno, Alejandro R.;

Determinación de eficiencia técnica en tambos de la Provincia de Córdoba. Efectos de la carga animal y el consumo de concentrado

Abstract

A pesar de la mejora en los niveles de productividad de los tambos Argentinos, aún persiste una importante brecha de eficiencia productiva, basada principalmente en la manera en que son aplicadas las tecnologías disponibles. La carga animal y el uso de concentrados parecerían ser las variables, que definen los resultados productivos y económicos en los sistemas de producción de leche argentinos. El objetivo del siguiente trabajo es determinar la eficiencia técnica en una muestra de tambos de la provincia de Córdoba e investigar los efectos de la carga animal y el uso de concentrados sobre la eficiencia y sobre el resultado económico de la empresa. Para cumplir con los objetivos planteados, se trabajó sobre información, productiva y económica de 58 explotaciones lecheras de la provincia de Córdoba. Se utilizó la metodología DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis o Análisis Envolvente de Datos). El DEA es una técnica no paramétrica que recurre a algoritmos de programación lineal. Para avanzar en el estudio de la eficiencia y poder discriminar las estrategias más eficientes de las menos eficientes, se clasificó a la población en base a dos variables de decisión: la Carga animal y el Consumo de concentrado por VO/día. Al aplicar el modelo DEA de retornos constantes a escala (modelo CRS) se encontró una eficiencia técnica global (ETG) del 77 %, por lo que existe un margen para el ahorro de recursos del 23 %, sin afectar el nivel de producción. Las empresas eficientes fueron cinco y representan el 8,62 % de las 58 empresas evaluadas. La estrategia de Alta Carga y Alto uso de Concentrados fue la de mayor eficiencia técnica y obtuvo la mayor productividad por hectárea; sin embargo, no logró el mejor resultado económico.

Despite the improvement in productivity levels of Argentine dairy farms, a significant gap in production efficiency, based mainly in the way they are applied available technologies persists. Stocking and use of concentrates seem to be the variables that define the productive and economic results in the production systems of Argentine milk. The purpose of this study is to determine the technical efficiency in a sample of dairy farms in the province of Cordoba and investigate the effects of stocking and using concentrated on efficiency and economic performance of the company. To meet the objectives, we worked on information, productive and cost of 58 dairy farms in the province of Cordoba. DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis and Data Envelopment Analysis) methodology was used. The DEA is a nonparametric technique that uses linear programming algorithms. To advance the study of efficiency and to discriminate the most efficient strategies for the least efficient, qualified to the population based on two decision variables: the stocking and concentrate consumption by VO / day. In applying the DEA model of constant returns to scale (CRS model) an overall technical efficiency (TSG) of 77% was found, so there is scope for resource savings of 23%, without affecting the level of production. Efficient firms were five to account for 8.62% of the 58 companies evaluated. The strategy of high load and High use of concentrates was the most technically efficient and had the highest productivity per hectare; however, it did not achieve the best economic result.

Tesis (Magister en Ciencias Agropecuarias. Mención: Producción Animal)--UNC- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, 2015.

Country
Argentina
Keywords

Análisis económico, Córdoba, Producción lechera, Argentina, Sistemas de producción, Alimentos concentrados, Carga ganadera, Tambo

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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