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Perspectivas para el cultivo de ostras en el golfo de Nicoya.

Authors: Arias , Sidey; Zúñiga, Gerardo; Zamora, Eduardo; Zurburg, Wouter;

Perspectivas para el cultivo de ostras en el golfo de Nicoya.

Abstract

Con el fin de desarrollar el cultivo de ostras (Crassostrea rhizophorae y C. gigas) como una posible alternativa para los pescadores artesanales del Golfo de Nicoya en Costa Rica, se realizaron en el Laboratorio de Cultivos Marinos de la Universidad Nacional estudios sobre reproducción, producción de “semilla libre”, evaluación de microalgas, evaluación de sistemas de cultivo y engorde de ostras. La mezcla de microalgas Isochrysis galbana: Chaetoceros gracilis (de cinco analizadas) fue la que dio mejores resultados, con un 36% de fijación, a partir del total de larvas pediveliger. Para la obtención de “semilla libre” se evaluaron dos técnicas: la primera, utilizando neurotransmisores (Gaba, L-Dopa, norepinefrina y epinefrina) no dio resultados favorables, la segunda, usando concha molida, con tamaños de 250-350 μm y 350-425 μm rindió 26% y 14% de fijación, respectivamente, a partir del total de larvas pediveliger. En la etapa de engorde, los mejores resultados de crecimiento se obtuvieron con C. gigas en los canales de abastecimiento de la finca camaronera Langostinos del Pacífico, Quepos, con 78 mm en 7,3 meses y una sobrevivencia promedio de 55% durante 1991. Con el ostión de mangle C. rhizophorae los mejores resultados se obtuvieron en los estanques de cultivo de la finca camaronera ChomesMar S.A en el golfo de Nicoya con 53 mm en 8,5 meses y una sobrevivencia de 6% durante 1995. En todas las zonas de cultivo ubicadas en el Golfo de Nicoya, la mortalidad excedió el 94% debido principalmente al ataque del poliqueto Polydora. La tecnología adquirida se transfirió a grupos organizados de las comunidades de Paquera, Jicaral e Isla Venado, todas ellas ubicadas en el Golfo de Nicoya.

Studies by the Laboratory of Marine Cultures of the National University on diets, cultchless seed production and evaluation of methods for outdoor growing of oysters (Crassostrea rhizophorae and C. gigas) have been directed toward the development of the oyster culture as an alternative for the fishermen of the Nicoya Gulf, Puntarenas, Costa Rica. Of five diets tested, the mixture of Isochrysis galbana: Chaetoceros gracilis gave the best result with 36% of setting. For the production of cultchless seed two techniques were tested, one preventing setting through induction of metamorphosis with Gaba, L-Dopa, norepinephine and epinephrine, and the second allowing the setting process using grounded oyster shell (250-350μm and 350-425μm ) as substratum. The first method did not give positive results, while the second was relatively successful with 26% and 14% settlement of the larvae for each particulate size. The best results concerning outdoor growing were obtained with C. gigas in 1991 at the inlet of a shrimp farm situated at the Central Pacific Coast, with 78 mm in 7.3 months and 55% survival. The best results with Crassostrea rhizophorae were achieved in shrimp ponds of a farm in the Nicoya Gulf, with a growth of 53 mm in 8 months and a survival rate of 6% (in 1995). Due to severe infestation by Polydora spp., the mortality in the Nicoya Gulf always exceeded 94%. The knowledge so far acquired is being transferred to the fishermen communities of Paquera, Jicaral, and the Isle of Venado, all of them in the Nicoya Gulf.

Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica

Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas

Country
Costa Rica
Related Organizations
Keywords

Q1-390, OSTRAS, Science (General), OYSTERS, Science, Q, PERSPECTIVAS, GOLFO DE NICOYA, CROP, CULTIVO

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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