Kosovo
Kosovo
The Western Balkans is home to the most polluting power plants in Europe, and its transport and energy infrastructure require updates. Not surprisingly, countries such as Kosovo, are suffering from severe urban air pollution and traffic congestion as a result of high dependence on fossil fuels in the energy matrix, inefficient transport system and aging vehicle fleets. These substantially harm public health, productivity and efficiency in urban mobility. Kosovo is implementing the EU enacted Stabilization Tracking Mechanism programme, aiming to gradually integrate its national policies on legal, economic and social matters with the EU. On 6 February 2018, the European Commission published its expansion plan to cover up to six Western Balkan countries including Kosovo with potential accession as members of the EU after 2025. This is relevant for vehicle emissions as it entails implementation of EU vehicle emission and fuel standards. The development objective of this project is to support the government of Kosovo and City of Pristina to develop strategies to reduce emissions and pollutions from transport perspective, such as modernization and better management of public and private vehicle fleets, and to scope for components and activities to be considered as part of potential Develop Policy Financing or Investment Project Financing by the World Bank The layout of the report includes the following sections: Chapter second realizes a rapid assessment of vehicle pollution for Kosovo including vehicle emission trends. Chapter third list in a summarized manner major instruments to reduce transportation emissions. Based on the problem and solution description policies are selected which are assessed in further detail to curb vehicle emissions in Kosovo. These policies or interventions were selected based on on-going plans and activities and interest from the Government. They include usage of low-emission buses (chapter fourth), fiscal instruments to promote low-emitting vehicles (chapter fifth) and implementation of in-service vehicle emission testing.
- World Bank United States
RECREATION, NEW INFECTIONS, IUD, POLLUTION CONTROL, EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, FEMALE EDUCATION, YOUNG PEOPLE, ILLITERATE POPULATION, GENDER STUDIES, FEMALE PARTICIPANTS, UNEMPLOYMENT, VEHICLE EMISSIONS, URBAN WOMEN, GENDER IMBALANCE, FEMALE STUDENTS, RISK FACTORS, UNIVERSITY EDUCATION, WAR, AGED, FERTILITY RATES, REGULATORY REGIME, VIOLENCE, BASIC NEEDS, SKILLED WORKERS, ADULT POPULATION, LABOR SUPPLY, SOCIAL WORKERS, CAREER DEVELOPMENT, ETHNIC GROUPS, INHERITANCE, PUBLIC SERVICES, WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP POSITIONS, WOMEN IN POLITICS, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, FERTILITY, SECONDARY EDUCATION, MAJORITY OF CHILDREN, ADULT WOMEN, GENDER DISPARITY, BIRTH CONTROL, PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE, MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES, INFORMATION SYSTEM, SOCIAL NORMS, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, GOVERNMENT OFFICES, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY, MATERNAL MORTALITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, MALE CONDOMS, LITERACY RATES, POLITICAL INSTABILITY, PREGNANT WOMEN, ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT, OLDER MEN, FEMALE EMPLOYMENT, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, ANTENATAL CARE, IMPROVEMENT OF WOMEN, CITIZENSHIP, YOUNG WOMEN, LIFE EXPECTANCY, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, MEDICAL PERSONNEL, WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP, EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM, FEMALE LEADERS, ABSTINENCE, GENDER DIFFERENCES, VITAL STATISTICS, ADEQUATE HUMAN RESOURCES, IUDS, GENDER INEQUALITY, PREGNANCY, AIR POLLUTION, ADULT MEN, OUTREACH ACTIVITIES, PUBLIC HEALTH, MATERNAL DEATHS, TRADITIONAL VALUES, WORKING WOMEN, LEGISLATORS, OLD SYSTEM, INHERITANCE RIGHTS, FEMALE STERILIZATION, LEGAL STATUS, PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, FEMALE LABOR, SOCIAL CONDITIONS, PREGNANCIES, UNDP, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, WORKFORCE, TRADITIONAL PRACTICES, INTRA-UTERINE DEVICES, SINGLE WOMEN, REMEDIATION, GENDER EQUALITY, POLLUTER PAYS, SICK LEAVE, HIV, BIRTH RATE, WATER SUPPLY, WORK EXPERIENCE, TRANSPORTATION, FEMALE MINISTER, FEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCY, FLEXIBLE WORK ARRANGEMENTS, POLITICAL PARTIES, WAGE GAP, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, GENDER, RURAL WOMEN, HUSBANDS, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, EDUCATED WOMEN, HOSPITAL, EXCISE TAX, SOCIAL WELFARE, METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, UNICEF, CONTRACEPTION, HEALTH SYSTEM, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, GENDER DISPARITIES, HEALTH OF WOMEN, WORKING CONDITIONS, PRODUCTIVITY, PUBLIC AWARENESS, HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES, LABOUR MARKET, REDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY, GENDER ASSESSMENTS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, GIRLS, PROCUREMENT, DRUG ABUSE, PREVALENCE OF CONTRACEPTION, JOB-SEEKERS, WAR RECONSTRUCTION, CHILDREN PER WOMAN, GENDER DISCRIMINATION, 330, COMMITTEE ON HUMAN RIGHTS, PRIMARY EDUCATION, LEADING CAUSES, DEMOCRACY, EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, GENDER GAPS, BASIC EDUCATION, 332, ARMED CONFLICT, DROPOUT, UNSAFE ABORTIONS, LIVE BIRTHS, PATIENTS, RURAL AREAS, MARRIED WOMEN, FERTILITY RATE, YOUNG MEN, SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT, PROGRESS, CONDOM, LABOR MARKET, FEMALE EMPLOYEES, CAREER ADVANCEMENT, MATERNITY LEAVE, EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES, MATERNAL HEALTH, CLINICS, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, HEALTH PROVIDERS, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, JOB TRAINING, NUMBER OF WOMEN, TERTIARY EDUCATION, HUMAN RIGHTS, SOCIAL SECURITY, OLDER WOMEN, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS, DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES, FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES, WOMEN IN SOCIETY, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, MASS UNEMPLOYMENT, ABORTION, UNFPA, POOR NUTRITION, MIDWIVES, GREEN TRANSPORT, CONTAMINATED SITE, ROLE MODELS, WOMAN, REMITTANCES, POOR FAMILIES, FAMILY PLANNING, FORMAL EDUCATION, HUMAN CAPITAL, SEX, UNITED NATIONS, METHODS OF FAMILY PLANNING, POLITICAL DECISION, MIGRATION, GENDER DISPARITIES IN EDUCATION, MODERN CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS, POLICY RESEARCH, QUALITY OF SERVICES, CHILD CARE, SEX INDUSTRY, GENDER ISSUES, PRIMARY SCHOOL, URBAN TRANSPORT, TERTIARY LEVEL, MARITAL STATUS, JOB CREATION, TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES, HOUSEHOLD BUDGET, LABOR FORCE, URBAN POPULATIONS, HEALTH SERVICES, SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, MEDICAL SPECIALISTS, MODERN CONTRACEPTION, ILLITERACY, REPRODUCTIVE AGE, NURSES, EMISSION TESTING, HUMAN WELFARE
RECREATION, NEW INFECTIONS, IUD, POLLUTION CONTROL, EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, FEMALE EDUCATION, YOUNG PEOPLE, ILLITERATE POPULATION, GENDER STUDIES, FEMALE PARTICIPANTS, UNEMPLOYMENT, VEHICLE EMISSIONS, URBAN WOMEN, GENDER IMBALANCE, FEMALE STUDENTS, RISK FACTORS, UNIVERSITY EDUCATION, WAR, AGED, FERTILITY RATES, REGULATORY REGIME, VIOLENCE, BASIC NEEDS, SKILLED WORKERS, ADULT POPULATION, LABOR SUPPLY, SOCIAL WORKERS, CAREER DEVELOPMENT, ETHNIC GROUPS, INHERITANCE, PUBLIC SERVICES, WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP POSITIONS, WOMEN IN POLITICS, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, FERTILITY, SECONDARY EDUCATION, MAJORITY OF CHILDREN, ADULT WOMEN, GENDER DISPARITY, BIRTH CONTROL, PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE, MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES, INFORMATION SYSTEM, SOCIAL NORMS, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, GOVERNMENT OFFICES, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY, MATERNAL MORTALITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, MALE CONDOMS, LITERACY RATES, POLITICAL INSTABILITY, PREGNANT WOMEN, ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT, OLDER MEN, FEMALE EMPLOYMENT, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, ANTENATAL CARE, IMPROVEMENT OF WOMEN, CITIZENSHIP, YOUNG WOMEN, LIFE EXPECTANCY, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, MEDICAL PERSONNEL, WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP, EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM, FEMALE LEADERS, ABSTINENCE, GENDER DIFFERENCES, VITAL STATISTICS, ADEQUATE HUMAN RESOURCES, IUDS, GENDER INEQUALITY, PREGNANCY, AIR POLLUTION, ADULT MEN, OUTREACH ACTIVITIES, PUBLIC HEALTH, MATERNAL DEATHS, TRADITIONAL VALUES, WORKING WOMEN, LEGISLATORS, OLD SYSTEM, INHERITANCE RIGHTS, FEMALE STERILIZATION, LEGAL STATUS, PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, FEMALE LABOR, SOCIAL CONDITIONS, PREGNANCIES, UNDP, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, WORKFORCE, TRADITIONAL PRACTICES, INTRA-UTERINE DEVICES, SINGLE WOMEN, REMEDIATION, GENDER EQUALITY, POLLUTER PAYS, SICK LEAVE, HIV, BIRTH RATE, WATER SUPPLY, WORK EXPERIENCE, TRANSPORTATION, FEMALE MINISTER, FEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCY, FLEXIBLE WORK ARRANGEMENTS, POLITICAL PARTIES, WAGE GAP, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, GENDER, RURAL WOMEN, HUSBANDS, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, EDUCATED WOMEN, HOSPITAL, EXCISE TAX, SOCIAL WELFARE, METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, UNICEF, CONTRACEPTION, HEALTH SYSTEM, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, GENDER DISPARITIES, HEALTH OF WOMEN, WORKING CONDITIONS, PRODUCTIVITY, PUBLIC AWARENESS, HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES, LABOUR MARKET, REDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY, GENDER ASSESSMENTS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, GIRLS, PROCUREMENT, DRUG ABUSE, PREVALENCE OF CONTRACEPTION, JOB-SEEKERS, WAR RECONSTRUCTION, CHILDREN PER WOMAN, GENDER DISCRIMINATION, 330, COMMITTEE ON HUMAN RIGHTS, PRIMARY EDUCATION, LEADING CAUSES, DEMOCRACY, EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, GENDER GAPS, BASIC EDUCATION, 332, ARMED CONFLICT, DROPOUT, UNSAFE ABORTIONS, LIVE BIRTHS, PATIENTS, RURAL AREAS, MARRIED WOMEN, FERTILITY RATE, YOUNG MEN, SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT, PROGRESS, CONDOM, LABOR MARKET, FEMALE EMPLOYEES, CAREER ADVANCEMENT, MATERNITY LEAVE, EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES, MATERNAL HEALTH, CLINICS, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, HEALTH PROVIDERS, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, JOB TRAINING, NUMBER OF WOMEN, TERTIARY EDUCATION, HUMAN RIGHTS, SOCIAL SECURITY, OLDER WOMEN, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS, DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES, FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES, WOMEN IN SOCIETY, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, MASS UNEMPLOYMENT, ABORTION, UNFPA, POOR NUTRITION, MIDWIVES, GREEN TRANSPORT, CONTAMINATED SITE, ROLE MODELS, WOMAN, REMITTANCES, POOR FAMILIES, FAMILY PLANNING, FORMAL EDUCATION, HUMAN CAPITAL, SEX, UNITED NATIONS, METHODS OF FAMILY PLANNING, POLITICAL DECISION, MIGRATION, GENDER DISPARITIES IN EDUCATION, MODERN CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS, POLICY RESEARCH, QUALITY OF SERVICES, CHILD CARE, SEX INDUSTRY, GENDER ISSUES, PRIMARY SCHOOL, URBAN TRANSPORT, TERTIARY LEVEL, MARITAL STATUS, JOB CREATION, TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES, HOUSEHOLD BUDGET, LABOR FORCE, URBAN POPULATIONS, HEALTH SERVICES, SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, MEDICAL SPECIALISTS, MODERN CONTRACEPTION, ILLITERACY, REPRODUCTIVE AGE, NURSES, EMISSION TESTING, HUMAN WELFARE
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