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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2025
License: CC BY NC ND
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UCrea
Bachelor thesis . 2025
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: UCrea
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Problema inverso de Galois

Inverse Galois problem
Authors: Pérez Caballero, David;

Problema inverso de Galois

Abstract

En la perspectiva habitual de la teoría de Galois se parte de polinomios para describir sus grupos de automorfismos. El Problema Inverso de Galois trata de revertir este enfoque, dado un grupo se estudia si existe algún polinomio sobre el cuerpo de los racionales que lo tenga como grupo de Galois. En este trabajo fin de grado se demuestra que todo grupo abeliano finito se puede realizar como grupo de Galois dentro de una extensión ciclotómica, siguiendo los pasos que culminaron en el Teorema de Kronecker-Weber. A continuación, se elaboran polinomios cuyo grupo de Galois es el grupo simétrico utilizando la transitividad del grupo y la aparición de determinados ciclos, con el respaldo siempre del Teorema de Dedekind. La realización de los grupos alternados se logra forzando discriminantes cuadrados y empleando el Teorema de Irreducibilidad de Hilbert. Además, se exhibe la realización del grupo de los cuaterniones siguiendo una construcción clásica mediante extensiones cuadráticas en torre, aprovechando la estructura del grupo. Por último, se demuestra que los grupos diédricos son también realizables y se hace una mención a los grupos simples finitos.

In the usual perspective of Galois theory, one starts from polynomials to describe their groups of automorphisms. The Inverse Galois Problem seeks to reverse this approach: given a group, one studies whether there exists a polynomial over the field of rational numbers whose Galois group is precisely that group. In this final degree project it is shown that every finite abelian group can be realized as a Galois group within a cyclotomic extension, following the steps that culminated in the Kronecker–Weber theorem. Next, polynomials are constructed whose Galois group is the symmetric group, using the group’s transitivity and the presence of certain cycles, always backed by Dedekind’s theorem. The realization of alternating groups is achieved by forcing square discriminants and applying Hilbert’s Irreducibility Theorem. Also, the realization of the quaternion group is exhibited following a classical construction using a tower of quadratic extensions, exploiting the group’s internal structure. Finally, it is shown that the dihedral groups are realizable as well and the finite simple groups are mentioned.

Grado en Matemáticas

Country
Spain
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Keywords

Quaternion group, Polinomios ciclotómicos, Permutaciones, Galois theory, Permutations, Teoría de Galois, Discriminante, Finite groups, Cyclotomic polynomials, Grupos finitos, Grupo de los cuaterniones, Discriminant

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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