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Exposición al humo ambiental de tabaco en población infantil : prevalencia, intensidad y factores asociados a la exposición en casa

Authors: Arechavala Roe, Teresa;

Exposición al humo ambiental de tabaco en población infantil : prevalencia, intensidad y factores asociados a la exposición en casa

Abstract

El objetivo principal de esta tesis es estimar la prevalencia de exposición al humo ambiental de tabaco (HAT) en la población infantil y caracterizar la exposición en casa. Para ello, se han diseñado 4 estudios a partir de los cuales se estimó la prevalencia de menores de 12 años expuestos al HAT en distintos ámbitos públicos y privados en España, se analizó la validez de preguntas de los cuestionarios que valoran la exposición al HAT en casa, se midieron los niveles de nicotina ambiental a los cuales los menores están expuestos en el hogar y se analizaron los factores sociodemográficos asociados a la exposición al HAT en casa. Los resultados muestran que un 71,8% de los menores está expuesto al HAT y el 25,8% lo está en casa. De entre los indicadores analizados para estimar la exposición al HAT en casa, el indicador “número de personas que habitualmente fuma en casa” presentó los mejores resultados de validez. Los niveles de nicotina ambiental en el hogar son de <0,02µg/m3 cuando no hay fumadores en el hogar y de 1,04 µg/m3 en presencia de fumadores. Finalmente, los factores asociados a la exposición al HAT son la estructura familiar, el nivel de estudios, el lugar de origen de los progenitores y la edad de los progenitores

The aim of this thesis was to estimate the prevalence of SHS exposure among children and to characterize the SHS exposure at home. We designed 4 studies: in the first one we estimated the prevalence of SHS exposure in children under 12 years in different public and private settings in Spain; in the second study we assessed the validity of self-reported SHS exposure indicators that regarded home, in the third study we measured the levels of airborne nicotine at which children are exposed at home; in the fourth and last study we assessed the sociodemographic factors potentially associated with SHS exposure at home. The results show that 71.8% of the children are exposed to SHS and 25,8% are exposed at home. Among the indicators analyzed, the “number of people usually smoking at home” presented the best results in terms of validity to assess SHS exposure at home. Children living without smokers are exposed to levels of environmental nicotine below 0.02µg/m3 while in homes with smokers are 1.04 µg/m3. SHS exposure at home was associated with family structure, educational level, birthplace of their parents and parental age.

Programa de doctorat en Biomedicina

Country
Spain
Keywords

Normas prohibiendo fumar en casa, Secondhand smoke, Environmental nicotine, 614, Nicotina ambiental, Humo ambiental de tabaco, Smoking rules at home, Sociodemographic factors, Children, Factores sociodemográficos, Población infantil

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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