Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
addClaim

Caraterização dos polissacarídeos da parede celular das leveduras Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Saccharomyces pastorianus

Authors: Messias, Susana Isabel Serra;

Caraterização dos polissacarídeos da parede celular das leveduras Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Saccharomyces pastorianus

Abstract

A indústria cervejeira usa diferentes espécies de leveduras Saccharomyces para a produção de cerveja. As leveduras são normalmente reutilizadas em 3-7 ciclos fermentativos e em seguida, são descartadas, sendo designado como levedura excedentária da cerveja (BSY). A BSY é um dos maiores subprodutos resultantes da indústria cervejeira e é fonte de polissacarídeos, nomeadamente glucanas, manoproteínas e quitina, provenientes da parede celular. No presente trabalho foram analisados os polissacarídeos das leveduras S. cerevisiae com 1 e 3 ciclos fermentativos e S. pastorianus com 2 e 6 ciclos fermentativos. Os polissacarídeos da parede celular das leveduras foram extraídos sequencialmente recorrendo à extração com água a 100 ºC e à extração aquosa assistida por micro-ondas (MWE) a 180 ºC. A extração com água quente permitiu extrair os polissacarídeos da superfície da parede celular que, no caso da S. cerevisiae, são constituídos essencialmente por resíduos de glucose em ligação (1→4) e, no caso da S. pastorianus são constituídos por resíduos de manose em ligação terminal, (1→2)-Man e (1→2,6)-Man. Os extratos solúveis da MWE, de S. cerevisiae são ricos em (1→4)-Glc e os da S. pastorianus são ricos em (1→2)-Man e (1→2,6)-Man. O resíduo insolúvel é composto por (1→4) e (1→3) glucanas. Os resíduos de glucose em ligação (1→4) foram sensíveis à hidrólise com α-amilase e com celulase, permitindo inferir a presença de resíduos com configuração anomérica α e β. Por microscopia eletrónica de varrimento verificou-se que a estrutura tridimensional das leveduras se mantém no resíduo após extração aquosa dos polissacarídeos. Uma potencial valorização deste resíduo poderá ser como microcápsula para a incorporação de compostos bioativos na área alimentar ou clínica. A levedura excedentária da cerveja apresenta grande variabilidade dependendo da estirpe/espécie da levedura e ainda do número de ciclos fermentativos a que está sujeita. Os extratos solúveis de MWE de S. cerevisiae são fonte de glucose em ligação (1→3), quando provenientes de um baixo número de reutilizações, e/ou ligação (1→4), se provenientes de um elevado número de reutilizações. As S. pastorianus são fonte de manoproteínas.

Beer industry uses different Saccharomyces yeast species, which are reused during 3-7 fermentative cycles. When discarded, they are named brewer’s spent yeast (BSY). BSY is one of the major by-products resultant of brewery industry and it is a source of glucan, mannoprotein and chitin components of yeast cell wall polysaccharides. In the present work, the cell wall polysaccharides of S. cerevisiae with 1 and 3 fermentative cycles and S. pastorianus with 2 and 6 fermentative cycles were analyzed. Cell wall polysaccharides were sequentially extracted with water at 100 ° C and with microwave assisted water extraction (MWE) at 180 ° C. The hot water extraction allowed to obtain the cell wall surface polysaccharides. Extracted S. cerevisiae polysaccharides were mainly constituted by (1→4) linked glucose and S. pastorianus ones were constituted by terminally-linked mannose, (1→2)-Man and (1→2,6)-Man. S. cerevisiae MWE extracts were enriched in (1→4)-Glc while MWE extracts of S. pastorianus were rich in (1→2)-Man e (1→2,6)-Man. The insoluble residue was composed mainly of (1→ 4) and (1→ 3) glucan. The (1→4) linked glucose was hydrolysed by amylase and cellulase, allowing to infer the presence of α and β anomeric configurations. The residue that remain after the extraction of the polysaccharides was found by scanning electron microscopy, to maintain the three dimensional structure of the yeast. This residue can be valued as a microcapsule for the incorporation of bioactive compounds in food or clinical applications. Depending on the number of yeast reutilizations, MWE extracts of S. cerevisiae are a source of (1→3)-glucans or (1→4)-glucans, while MWE extracts of S. pastorianus are a source of mannoproteins. As BSY showed a high variability depending on the yeasts strain/ species and reutilization, able to be recovered by MWE.

Mestrado em Bioquímica - Bioquímica Alimentar

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Bioquímica alimentar, Valorização da levedura excedentária da cerveja, Leveduras, Indústria cervejeira - Aproveitamento de resíduos, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Levedura, Quitina, Polissacarídeos da parede celular, β-glucanas, Manoproteínas, Saccharomyces pastorianus

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Upload OA version
Are you the author of this publication? Upload your Open Access version to Zenodo!
It’s fast and easy, just two clicks!