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Actitudes religiosas, valores y razonamiento moral.

Authors: García Alandete, Joaquín;

Actitudes religiosas, valores y razonamiento moral.

Abstract

RESUMEN Se estudian las relaciones entre religiosidad, preferencias valorales y razonamiento moral, asumiéndose que la persona es constitutivamente a la par moral y religiosa, siendo moralidad y religiosidad dimensiones diferentes pero no incompatibles, en las que es posible alcanzar niveles de excelencia: experiencia genuina de los trascendente y autonomía moral. La dimensión moral es entendida desde el modelo cognitivo-estructural de L. Kohlberg; las preferencias valorales, desde la teoría de los valores humanos de M. Rokeach; la dimensión religiosa, o religiosidad, como área actitudinal con componentes cognitivos, afectivo-evaluativos, conativos y comportamentales, desde el tratamiento científico que la Psicología exige y permite. La muestra está formada por 323 sujetos (275 mujeres y 48 varones), estudiantes de primer, segundo y tercer curso de una Escuela Universitaria de Magisterio privada de la Comunidad Valenciana. Se establece como hipótesis de trabajo que: 1,- El sexo de los sujetos no introduce diferencias en el razonamiento moral. 2,- A mayor edad y más avanzado curso académico, razonamiento moral más avanzado. 3,- La mayor o menor religiosidad se asocia a diferentes preferencias valorales. 4,- Las diferencias en el desarrollo del razonamiento moral se asocian a diferencias en las preferencias valorales. 5,- La mayor religiosidad supone alcanzar puntuaciones en el índice P -razonamiento moral postconvencional- del DIT inferiores a la menor religiosidad, haciéndose necesario comprobar si ello también sucede en el caso del índice D -madurez moral global. Se emplea el Cuestionario de Problemas Sociomorales DIT (Pérez-Delgado et al., 1996) para evaluar el razonamiento moral; la Escala de Valores (A) (Rokeach, 1979) para evaluar las preferencias valorales, y un Cuestionario de Actitudes Religiosas (adaptado de Elzo, 1994) para evaluar la religiosidad. Los resultados obtenidos tras análisis estadístico de los datos permiten establecer las siguientes conclusiones: 1,- No confirmación de hipótesis 1 y 2: el sexo sí introduce diferencias entre sujetos en el razonamiento moral, mientras que la edad y el curso académico mo. 2,- Confirmación de hipótesis 3: ser más o menos religioso se asocia a la importancia que se otorga a determinados valores humanos frente a otros. 3,- Confirmación de hipótesis 4: a la convencionalidad moral y a la postconvecionalidad moral se hallan diferencialmente asociados determinados valores. 4,- Confirmación de la hipótesis 5: los sujetos más religiosos obtienen inferiores puntuaciones en P que los menos religiosos; pero iguales o incluso superiores en D, con lo que se hace necesario revisar la relación entre estos dos índices cuando se introduce la variable "religiosidad", pues no aparece convergente. Se afirma que el DIT no es sensible a una posible "religiosidad postconvencional", experimentando las personas más religiosas un "efecto de rebaje" en sus puntuaciones en el índice P y apareciendo como más convencionales __________________________________________________________________________________________________

The aim of this work is to analyse the relationship between religiosity, values preferences and moral reasoning, in human being like moral and religious, assuming that moral and religiosity are two different but not incompatible dimensions, and being possible to strike levels of excellence in both of them: genuine experience of transcendence and moral autonomy. Moral dimension is understanding from cognitive and structural L. Kohlbergs theory, values preferences from M. Rokeachs theory and religious dimension like attitudinal area with cognitive, affective and behavioural components. The sample is composed by 323 university students (275 females, 48 males). Hypothesis declare: 1. Sex is not significant on moral reasoning; 2. Age and academic level are significant on moral reasoning; 3. Religiosity is significantly associated to values preferentes; 4. Differences in moral reasoning development are associated with differences in values preferentes; 5. Religiosity is significantly associated to high scores in moral postconventionality P index-. Defining Issues Test (J. Rest), Values Scale (A) (M. Rokeach) and Questionaire of Religious Attitudes (adapted from J. Elzo) are used. Results: Hypothesis 1-2-5 are not confirmed; hypothesis 3-4 are confirmed. Religious subjects strike lower scores in P postconventional moral reasoning- that not religious, but higher scores in D index moral maturity-. DIT seems to be not sensitive to evalue the possible postconventional religiosity and its relationship with postconventional moral reasoning-, because of ideological slant; so religious subjects appear like more conventional and less postconventional.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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