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La desigualdad económica regional en América Latina

Authors: Badia Miró, Marc; Martínez Galarraga, Julio; Nicolini, Esteban A.; Tirado Fabregat, Daniel Aurelio; Willebald, Henry;

La desigualdad económica regional en América Latina

Abstract

En este artículo se analiza por primera vez el crecimiento y la evolución de la desigualdad regional a lo largo del proceso de desarrollo económico de nueve países de Latinoamérica (Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Co-lombia, México, Perú, Uruguay y Venezuela) entre 1895 y 2010. Para ello, en primer lugar se verifica la presen-cia de un proceso de β-convergencia entre los países latinoamericanos para la totalidad del periodo. No obstan-te, se muestra cómo este proceso fue especialmente intenso durante los periodos en los que los diferentes Estados implementaron políticas activas de desarrollo (ISI) que favorecieron la convergencia entre las regiones de un mismo país. En segundo lugar, se estudia la sigma-convergencia tomando como unidad de análisis el conjunto de regiones que componen estos nueve países. Se muestra cómo la desigualdad económica regional ha seguido una evolución en forma de N a lo largo del periodo analizado. En particular, Latinoamérica registró un incremento en la desigualdad regional desde finales del siglo xix hasta el periodo de entreguerras. Sin em-bargo, desde el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial hasta la crisis de la década de 1970 se registró un notable proceso de convergencia regional. Finalmente, los cambios en el consenso político y económico internacional en la década de 1980 marcaron el inicio de una nueva etapa de crecimiento de la desigualdad regional latinoa-mericana.

Country
Spain
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Keywords

ISI, Recursos naturales, UNESCO::CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS, latinoamérica, PIB regional, desigualdad regional, Industrialización

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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