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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Doctoral thesis . 2024
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La salud y la enfermedad en las poblaciones del pasado a través de la paleoparasitología

Authors: López-Gijón, Ramón;

La salud y la enfermedad en las poblaciones del pasado a través de la paleoparasitología

Abstract

La Paleoparasitología, entendida como el estudio de parásitos procedentes de materiales arqueológicos y paleontológicos, permite un aporte novedoso al estudio del pasado. Desde el punto de vista bioarqueológico, la Paleoparasitología supone una herramienta de primer orden para inferir condiciones higiénico-sanitarias de poblaciones pasadas, realización de actividades agrícolas y agropecuarias, presencia y/o consumo de animales domésticos y peridomésticos, así como rutas migratorias. A su vez, aporta conocimiento transversal en aspectos tan dispares como las patologías óseas, isótopos estables, la arqueozoología o el paleoclima, entre otros. Pese a su contrastado interés, los estudios paleoparasitológicos no han gozado de continuidad en nuestro país, lo que ha provocado la ausencia de conocimiento en determinadas cronologías, o bien el conocimiento de un determinado momento cultural a partir de apenas un sitio arqueológico. La presente Tesis Doctoral viene a contribuir en el conocimiento de la parasitosis en las sociedades pretéritas de la Península Ibérica, mediante un acercamiento transcultural y multicronológico a los parásitos antiguos. De esta forma, se ha estudiado sedimento procedente de restos esqueléticos, en los que se ha llevado a cabo por primera vez el hallazgo de parásitos procedentes de época romana y tardoantigua en España. A su vez, se ha llevado a un estudio de restos osteoarqueológicos, derivados de la presencia de Echinococcus granulosus en poblaciones pertenecientes al reino medieval de Granada, tratándose de la primera evidencia de este parásito en poblaciones islámicas medievales europeas.

Palaeoparasitology, understood as the study of parasites from archaeological and palaeontological materials, makes a novel contribution to the study of the past. From the bioarchaeological point of view, palaeoparasitology is a first-rate tool for inferring the hygienic-sanitary conditions of past populations, agricultural and farming activities, the presence and/or consumption of domestic and peridomestic animals, as well as migratory routes. At the same time, it provides transversal knowledge in aspects as diverse as bone pathologies, stable isotopes, archaeozoology and palaeoclimate, among others. Despite its proven interest, palaeoparasitological studies have not enjoyed continuity in our country, which has led to the absence of knowledge in certain chronologies, or the knowledge of a certain cultural moment from just one archaeological site. This Doctoral Thesis contributes to the knowledge of parasitosis in prehistoric societies in the Iberian Peninsula, by means of a cross-cultural and multichronological approach to ancient parasites. In this way, sediment from skeletal remains has been studied, in which parasites from the Roman and Late Antique periods in Spain have been found for the first time. At the same time, a study of osteoarchaeological remains has been carried out, derived from the presence of Echinococcus granulosus in populations belonging to the medieval kingdom of Granada, being the first evidence of this parasite in European medieval Islamic populations

Tesis Univ. Granada.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Paleopatología, Zoonosis, Paleoparasitología, Parasitología, Parasitismo, Bioarqueología, Parásitos, Arqueología

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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