Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Part of book or chapter of book . 2023
License: CC BY NC ND
Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Granada
Part of book or chapter of book . 2025
License: CC BY NC ND
versions View all 2 versions
addClaim

Probabilidad - Esperanza condicionada

Authors: Romero Béjar, José Luis;

Probabilidad - Esperanza condicionada

Abstract

El documento desarrolla el concepto de esperanza condicionada como extensión de la esperanza matemática. Se define para variables discretas y continuas, mostrando que representa el valor esperado de una variable dado el conocimiento de otra. Se presentan sus propiedades fundamentales, como la no negatividad, la linealidad, la conservación del orden, la compatibilidad con funciones medibles y el hecho de que, en caso de independencia, la esperanza condicionada coincide con la marginal. Se introducen los momentos condicionados (no centrados y centrados), con especial énfasis en la varianza condicionada y la descomposición de la varianza total en dos componentes: la varianza de la esperanza condicionada y la esperanza de la varianza condicionada. A continuación, se estudia la regresión de mínimos cuadrados, donde la mejor aproximación de una variable aleatoria mediante otra se obtiene con la esperanza condicionada. Esto da lugar a las curvas de regresión, que describen la relación entre variables en forma general. Se analiza su interpretación, propiedades y error cuadrático medio asociado. El texto introduce también las razones de correlación, que miden la proporción de varianza explicada por la regresión. Finalmente, se desarrolla la regresión lineal de mínimos cuadrados, presentando las rectas de regresión, los coeficientes de regresión, el coeficiente de determinación y el coeficiente de correlación lineal, como medidas de la fuerza y dirección de la relación lineal entre variables.

The document addresses the concept of conditional expectation as a generalization of mathematical expectation. It is defined for both discrete and continuous random variables, representing the expected value of one variable given knowledge of another. Its key properties are presented, including non-negativity, linearity, order preservation, compatibility with measurable functions, and the result that under independence, the conditional expectation coincides with the marginal expectation. The text then introduces conditional moments (both raw and central), with particular focus on conditional variance and the variance decomposition formula: the total variance equals the variance of the conditional expectation plus the expected conditional variance. The next section covers the least squares regression, showing that the optimal approximation of one variable by another is the conditional expectation. This leads to regression curves, which describe the dependence structure between variables. Their interpretation, properties, and associated mean squared error are discussed. The document also introduces correlation ratios, which quantify the proportion of variance explained by regression. Finally, it develops linear least squares regression, presenting the regression lines, regression coefficients, the coefficient of determination, and the linear correlation coefficient, which measure the strength and direction of linear dependence between variables and assess the goodness of linear fit.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Conditional moments, Conditional expectation, Momentos condicionados, Esperanza condicionada, Regresión lineal, Linear regression, Curvas de regresión, Regression curves

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green