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Repositori Obert UdL
Bachelor thesis . 2023
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Quantificació dels polifenols totals en el marro del cafè

Authors: Caparrós Crespo, Paula;

Quantificació dels polifenols totals en el marro del cafè

Abstract

El marro del cafè és el principal residu que es genera en la producció i consum de cafè, ja que per cada tona (1000 kg) de cafè verd es generen aproximadament 650 kg de marro (i al voltant de 2 kg de marro humit per cada kg de cafè soluble produït). Aquest marro es descarrega normalment en el medi ambient. Per tal de donar una solució a això, en aquest projecte es comparen diferents dissolvents per extreure els polifenols totals del marro del cafè, un dels components més importants del cafè, pel seu poder antioxidant. L'objectiu d'aquest estudi és avaluar la capacitat extractiva de polifenols del marro de cafè utilitzant diferents dissolvents, amb l'objectiu de trobar el més eficient per extreure aquests compostos antioxidants. Per fer-ho es van preparar mostres de 0,7 g de marro de cafè i es van sotmetre a extracció amb diversos dissolvents, incloent-hi aigua, etanol al 40 %, etanol al 60 %, “supra”, acetona al 20 % i acetona al 40 %. Per a cada dissolvent, s’ha realitzat l’extracció tot utilitzant 4 mL d’aquest en 0,7 g de marro i s’ha agitat en l'aparell de vòrtex durant un minut, seguidament, es posa trenta minuts a la centrífuga a 4200 rpm per tal de separar l’extracte del sòlid. Després de l'extracció, s’analitzen les mostres fent ús del mètode de Folin, que permet quantificar el total de polifenols presents en l’extracte. S’ha adaptat el mètode de Folin a les mostres d’aquest treball i la concentració de polifenols es mesura a partir de l’absorbància a 765 nm en un aparell d’UV-VIS. Els resultats d’aquest projecte mostren que, pels polifenols totals, l’extracció amb el mètode vòrtex i amb acetona 40% com a dissolvent, és el que millor resultats proporciona. S’obté, d’aquesta manera, un extracte amb una concentració de polifenols de 1643,9 ppm que correspon a 23,1 mg GAE/g marro de cafè. Mentre que els pitjors resultats s’obtenen amb el dissolvent aigua amb una concentració de 677,9 ppm i 9,5 mg GAE/g marro de cafè. Tot comparant el mètode entre un marro de cafè vell (assecat i guardat durant 5 mesos sec) amb un de més nou (assecat i analitzat directament), no fa baixar la quantitat de polifenols totals presents. De manera que es conclou que es possible que el marro no perdi polifenols quan es guarda sec durant 5 mesos. Sí que s’observen menys polifenols en el marro nou que en el vell i això s’associa més aviat a la diferent composició del residu (marro) obtingut en diferents moments, ja que el marro nou és barreja de cafè normal i descafeïnat (80% i 20% respectivament), mentre que el vell era 100% de cafè amb cafeïna.

Coffee grounds are the main waste generated in coffee production and consumption, as approximately 650 kg of coffee grounds are generated for every tonne (1000 kg) of green coffee (and about 2 kg of wet grounds for every kg of soluble coffee produced). These grounds are normally discharged into the environment. To provide a solution to this, this project compares different solvents to extract total polyphenols from coffee grounds, one of the most important components of coffee, due to its antioxidant power. The aim of this study is to evaluate the extractive capacity of polyphenols from coffee grounds using different solvents, to find the most efficient one to extract these antioxidant compounds. For this purpose, 0.7g samples of coffee grounds were prepared and extracted with various solvents, including water, 40% ethanol, 60% ethanol, supra, 20% acetone and 40% acetone. For each solvent, extraction was performed using 4 mL of the solvent in 0.7 g of the grounds and shaken in the vortex apparatus for one minute, then placed in the centrifuge at 4200 rpm for thirty minutes to separate the extract from the solid. After extraction, the samples are analysed using the Folin method, which allows the total polyphenols present in the extract to be quantified. The Folin method has been adapted to the samples of this work and the concentration of polyphenols is measured from the absorbance at 765 nm in a UV-VIS apparatus. The results of this project show that, for total polyphenols, extraction with the vortex method and with 40% acetone as solvent gives the best results, obtaining an extract with a polyphenol concentration of 1643.9 ppm, which corresponds to 23.1 mg GAE/g coffee grounds. The worst results are obtained with the solvent water with a concentration of 677.9 ppm and 9.5 mg GAE/g coffee grounds. Comparing the method between an old coffee ground (dried and stored for 5 months dry) and a newer one (dried and analysed directly) does not lower the amount of total polyphenols present. It is therefore concluded that the grounds may not lose polyphenols when stored dry for 5 months. Less polyphenols are observed in the new grounds than in the old ones and this is rather associated with the different composition of the residue (grounds) obtained at different times, as the new grounds are a mixture of normal and decaffeinated coffee (80% and 20% respectively), while the old ones were 100% caffeinated coffee.

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Coffee grounds, Polifenols, Espectrofotometria UV-Vis, Marro del cafè, Mètode de Folin-Ciocalteu, UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, Folin Ciocalteu Method

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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