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Indisciplina, stress e coping

Authors: Almeida, Maria Helena dos Santos Marques de;

Indisciplina, stress e coping

Abstract

O presente estudo foi realizado com o propósito de analisar as relações entre as vivências de indisciplina, o stress e o coping em crianças e jovens no contexto escolar, de forma a compreender em que medida a indisciplina reflecte o uso inadequado de estratégias de coping. Pretendeu-se simultaneamente aceder às representações dos alunos sobre a indisciplina e respectivas atribuições causais, identificar os sintomas percebidos e as estratégias de coping tidas como funcionais. A amostra integrou 12 crianças e adolescentes do 2º ciclo, com as quais se realizaram entrevistas de grupo focal, entrevistas individuais e aplicaram questionários de auto-relato. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que os comportamentos mais representativos de indisciplina são: o desrespeito, a violência física e a infracção às regras de sala de aula, os quais são atribuíveis a expectativas de fracasso face ao desempenho académico e a dificuldades relacionais. As causas de indisciplina são simultaneamente factores desencadeantes de vivências stressantes, o que traduz que a indisciplina decorre de uma experiência prévia de stress que facilita a emergência de comportamentos que se expressam através de procedimentos de coping desajustados ou de reacções agressivas. A vivência de situações stressantes desencadeia sintomas emocionais e comportamentais, aos quais se associam sintomas físicos quando a experiência de stress é mais intensa. A “distracção cognitivo - comportamental” e o “coping activo” são as estratégias mais utilizadas e consideradas mais eficazes para lidar com situações stressantes, verificando-se no entanto que a sua utilização pode não estar estrategicamente ajustada à natureza do stressor e/ ou ao propósito de evitar comportamentos de indisciplina. Desta forma, estão criadas as condições para a manutenção de elevados factores de stress que comprometem o processo adaptativo dos alunos. Os resultados obtidos apoiam a necessidade de aplicar nas escolas, actividades de treino de competências de coping e actividades de compreensão do stress.

This study was conducted in order to analyze the relationships between the experiences of indiscipline, stress and coping in children and young people in school settings, and to understand the extent to which indiscipline reflects the inappropriate use of coping strategies. It was also intended to access students’ representations and causal attributions for indiscipline, perceived symptoms of stress and coping strategies believed to be functional. Twelve 5 th and 6th grade students answered to focus group interviews, individual interviews and self-report questionnaires. Results showed that, according to participants, the most representative disruptive behaviors are: disrespect, physical violence and violation, of classroom rules which they attribute to expectations of failure to meet academic performance and relational difficulties. These factors are also triggers for stressful experiences, showing that indiscipline stems from previous experiences of stress that facilitate the emergence of maladaptive coping behaviors or aggressive reactions. The experience of stressful situations triggers emotional and behavioral symptoms, and also physical symptoms when the stressful experience is more intense. The "cognitive – behavioral distraction" and "active” coping strategies are the most widely used and considered more effective in dealing with stressful situations, although their use may not be strategically adjusted to the nature of the stressors and / or to teachers´ purpose to prevent disruptive behaviors. Thus, conditions do exist for the maintenance of high stressful factors that threatens students’ adaptive processes. The results support the need to implement, in school settings, coping skills training and activities to understand stress processes.

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia da Educação e da Orientação), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2011

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Teses de mestrado - 2011, Indisciplina escolar, Coping, Stress (Psicologia)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green