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Entre as mezinhas lusitanas e plantas brasileiras : iatroquímica, galenismo e flora medicinal da América portuguesa do século XVIII nas farmacopeias do frei João de Jesus Maria

Authors: SILVA FILHO, W. B.;

Entre as mezinhas lusitanas e plantas brasileiras : iatroquímica, galenismo e flora medicinal da América portuguesa do século XVIII nas farmacopeias do frei João de Jesus Maria

Abstract

O presente trabalho tem como intenção analisar a Pharmacopea Dogmatica (1772) e o manuscrito Historia Pharmaceutica das plantas exóticas (1777) escritas pelo frei beneditino João de Jesus Maria (1716–1795). Para tanto, a análise sublinha as questões relativas ao sincretismo paradigmático da farmácia portuguesa setecentista; emergência da farmácia química em detrimento ao pensamento galênico; conflito entre os profissionais laicos e religiosos; influência direta do caráter mecânico e ensino do ofício boticário na posição hierárquica, econômica e desenvolvimento científico da farmácia; e, por fim, a importância das drogas brasileiras no arsenal terapêutico português. O objetivo central do estudo é mostrar como existe uma relação intrínseca entre o uso e compreensão das drogas coloniais na sobrevida alargada da teoria humoral galênica no país. Com isso não se pretende rejeitar os argumentos anteriormente levantados pela historiografia sobre a singularidade do campo farmacêutico português da segunda metade do século XVIII. Antes, a intenção é aprofundar a discussão através de um estudo verticalizado de como eram compreendidas e utilizadas uma parte substancial do arsenal terapêutico galênico do período; mais especificamente, como o emprego das drogas de origem brasileira dentro do receituário farmacêutico teve um papel fundamental na sobrevida das práticas galênicas. Com efeito, as obras de Jesus Maria constituem registros documentais fundamentais para verificar o papel das plantas brasileiras na validade do galenismo entre os boticários portugueses. Tal condição se sustenta visto que, em ambas, existe uma presença destacada das plantas brasileiras, além de uma intenção manifesta do autor em conciliar as bases teóricas galênicas e químicas na prática cotidiana do ofício boticário.

The aim of this study is to analyse the book Pharmacopea Dogmatica (1772) and the manuscript Historia Pharmaceutica das plantas exóticas (1777), both written by the Benedictine friar João de Jesus Maria (1716–1795). Therefore, the detailed analysis highlights the issues concerning the paradigmatic syncretism of the seventeenth-century Portuguese pharmacy; the conflict between seculars and monastic apothecaries; the direct influence of the apothecary instructions as a mechanical art in the hierarchical, economic and scientific development of the pharmacy; and, finally, the importance of Brazilian drugs in the Portuguese therapeutic arsenal. The main objective of the study is to show how there is an intrinsic relationship between the use and understanding of colonial drugs in the extended survival of Galenic humoral theory in Portugal. It is not the intention to discard the arguments previously advocated by later researches to explain the singularity of the pharmaceutical field during the second half of the eighteenth century. Rather, the intention is to increase the discussion through a study of how was understood and used a substantial part of the Galenic therapeutic arsenal of the time; specifically, how Brazilian drugs played a fundamental role in the survival of Galenic practices in Portugal. Indeed, Jesus Maria’s researches are fundamental sources to verify the role of Brazilian plants in the validity of Galenism among Portuguese apothecaries. This condition is supported by the fact that, in both texts, there was an outstandig presence of Brazilian plants, in addition to a clear intention of the author to reconcile Galenical theory and chemical theory in the daily practice of the apothecary profession.

Tese de doutoramento, História e Filosofia das Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2017

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Programa Doutorado Pleno no Exterior

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas, Teses de doutoramento - 2017

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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