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Associações entre o perfil cognitivo global e o controlo inibitório no envelhecimento

Authors: Rufino, Miriam Viviana Ferreira Coelho;

Associações entre o perfil cognitivo global e o controlo inibitório no envelhecimento

Abstract

O envelhecimento populacional tem implicações significativas para a compreensão do funcionamento cognitivo em adultos mais velhos, com especial destaque para as funções executivas, nomeadamente o controlo inibitório. Este estudo pretendeu analisar a relação entre o funcionamento cognitivo global e o desempenho em tarefas computacionais de controlo inibitório, considerando o papel da idade e da reserva cognitiva (avaliada pela escolaridade). Participaram 27 indivíduos com 60 ou mais anos (M = 71.59), avaliados com o MoCA, a GDS-5 e três tarefas computacionais: Stroop, Flanker e Go/No-Go. Os resultados revelaram correlações significativas entre o MoCA e o desempenho na tarefa de erros de inibição Go/No-Go nas tarefas de rapidez de processamento, sugerindo que o funcionamento cognitivo global é um preditor relevante do controlo inibitório, independentemente da idade ou escolaridade, particularmente no que se refere aos erros de inibição. Contrariamente às hipóteses, a idade e a escolaridade não apresentaram associações significativas com o desempenho executivo. Os dados obtidos contribuem para o conhecimento teórico sobre a cognição no envelhecimento e têm implicações práticas na avaliação neuropsicológica, sugerindo que medidas globais de cognição podem ser úteis na identificação precoce de défices executivos.

Population aging has significant implications for understanding cognitive functioning in older adults, with a particular focus on executive functions, particularly inhibitory control. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between global cognitive functioning and performance on computational inhibitory control tasks, considering the role of age and cognitive reserve (assessed by education). Twenty-seven individuals aged 60 or older (M = 71.59) participated and were assessed using the MoCA, the GDS-5, and three computational tasks: Stroop, Flanker and Go/No-Go. The results revealed significant correlations between the MoCA and performance on the Go/No-Go inhibition error task in processing speed tasks, suggesting that global cognitive functioning is a relevant predictor of inhibitory control, regardless of age or education, particularly regarding inhibitory errors. Contrary to hypotheses, age and education did not show significant associations with executive performance. The data obtained contribute to theoretical knowledge about cognition in aging and have practical implications in neuropsychological assessment, suggesting that global measures of cognition may be useful in the early identification of executive deficits.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

PSYCHOLOGY, COGNIÇÃO, EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS, NEUROPSICOLOGIA, ENVELHECIMENTO, AGEING, COGNITION, MESTRADO EM NEUROPSICOLOGIA APLICADA, PSICOLOGIA, FUNÇÕES EXECUTIVAS, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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