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Sequential Combustion in Aircraft Propulsion

Inter- turbine Reheat in a Civilian High Bypass Ratio Turbofan Engine
Authors: Santos, Pedro Miguel Baião;

Sequential Combustion in Aircraft Propulsion

Abstract

Ao longo dos últimos 75 anos, avanços tecnológicos nas áreas dos materiais, aerodinâmica, propulsão, computadores, eletrónica e produção industrial, entre várias outras, assim como o apertado controlo de agências governamentais (FAA, EASA) tornaram o avião o meio de transporte mais seguro e fiável do mundo, tornando possível viagens a praticamente qualquer pessoa e possibilitando um rápido contacto com países distantes. Entre os inúmeros desenvolvimentos tecnológicos que permitiram o desenvolvimento do avião como máquina indispensável da humanidade, está a área da propulsão. Alterações ao ciclo de Brayton, o ciclo térmico utilizado para turbinas de gás, permitiram poupanças de combustível (ciclos mais eficientes), redução de ruido e poluição, maximização do alcance e aumento da tração produzida, associadas às outras áreas já mencionadas. Uma das alterações mais importantes foi o conceito de Bypass, ar que circula o núcleo do motor, evitando a queima do combustível; outras já utilizadas, foram o conceito de intercooler e recuperação de calor. Contudo, á medida que os aviões crescem em tamanho, também crescem os motores que os permitem voar. Uma alteração que tem sido estudada há alguns anos é o conceito de combustão sequencial: em vez de apenas uma câmara de combustão, entre os compressores e as turbinas, ter duas ou mais entre as várias fases de expansão dos produtos da combustão, levando a um aumento da energia extraída e possibilitando um aumento das dimensões dos componentes do motor, ao mesmo tempo reduzindo a temperatura de pico da combustão nas câmaras. O objetivo deste estudo é aplicar essa alteração ao ciclo de Brayton de um motor a jato atualmente usado no mercado civil e verificar a viabilidade do conceito, em relação ao consumo de combustível vs tração produzida.

For the past 75 years, technological developments in the fields of materials, aerodynamics, propulsion, computers, electronics and manufacturing, amongst others, as well as the tight control and of government agencies (FAA, EASA) turned the airplane in the most secure and reliable transport in the world, making travel possible to nearly every person and a allowing a fast contact with distant countries. Amongst the innumerous technological developments that allowed the development of the airplane as an indispensable machine for mankind, is the field of propulsion. Changes to the Brayton cycle, the thermic cycle used for gas turbines, allowed lower fuel consumption, less noise and pollution, wider range and increases in thrust, associated to the other fields already mentioned. One of the most important was the concept of Bypass, air that surrounds the core, avoiding the fuel combustion; others already in use were the concept of intercoolers and heat regenerators. Still, as the airplanes grow in size, so do the engines that propel them. One change that has been studied for some years is the concept of sequential combustion: instead of one burner, between the compressors and the turbines, two or more are placed between the different expansion phases of the combustion products, increasing the energy extracted and allowing bigger dimensions for the engine’s components, at the same time reducing the peak combustion temperature. The objective of this study is to apply that change to the Brayton cycle of an existing aero-engine currently used in the civilian market and verify the viability of the concept, in the terms of fuel consumption and thrust.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Câmara de Combustão Interturbinas, Câmara de Combustão Interturbinas., Motor Turbofan, Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias, Combustão Sequencial

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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