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A Importância da Vitamina D

Authors: Soares, Sofia Isabel Ferreira;

A Importância da Vitamina D

Abstract

A vitamina D tem como objetivo essencial a regulação de vários processos fisiológicos e tem sido relacionada com diversas patologias. A elevada prevalência de vitamina D é, hoje em dia, considerada como um problema de saúde pública que afeta vários países da Europa e os EUA e ocorre com frequência no mundo todo. Não nos podemos esquecer também, que alimentos naturais, raramente fornecem uma quantidade suficiente de Vitamina D para suprir a sua falta. Por outro lado, alimentos enriquecidos com vitamina D e suplementos de vitamina D podem ajudar a preveni-la quando exposição solar for inadequada. Existem cada vez mais evidências recentes, que correlacionam níveis insuficientes de vitamina D, com um risco aumentado de desenvolvimento de várias doenças, não apenas relacionadas com a componente óssea. Nos últimos anos, o papel fisiológico da vitamina D tem sido largamente estudado e graças a isso a sua ação no metabolismo do cálcio é já bem conhecida, sendo esta uma das hormonas responsáveis pela manutenção dos níveis de cálcio sérico, através da promoção da absorção de cálcio e fósforo a partir do intestino e da reabsorção óssea de cálcio. Contudo a importância clínica na vitamina D não acaba ou se esgota no metabolismo fosfocálcio, pois esta manifesta-se igualmente em várias outras condições médicas, como por exemplo diabetes, doenças cardiovasculares, esclerose múltipla, cancro, distúrbios psiquiátricos, doenças neuromusculares. Partindo deste princípio, e tendo consciência do crescente número de doenças associadas a esta deficiência, nos últimos anos, tem-se verificado um aumento significativo do interesse pela vitamina D, tornando-se num tópico mediático, muito discutido pelos profissionais de saúde e pelos cidadãos em geral, dada a elevada relevância na clínica, que nos propomos explorar ao longo desta dissertação Questões como a importância fisiológica da vitamina D, complicações associadas ao seu défice, necessidade de rastreio dos níveis normais, e sua suplementação, vêm sendo amplamente debatidos.

Vitamin D has as its essential objective the regulation of several physiological processes and has been related to several pathologies. The high prevalence of vitamin D is nowadays considered a public health problem that affects several countries in Europe and the USA and occurs frequently throughout the world. We can't forget, too, that natural foods rarely provide a sufficient amount of Vitamin D to make up for the lack. On the other hand, foods enriched with vitamin D and vitamin D supplements can help prevent it when sun exposure is inadequate. There is increasing recent evidence that correlates insufficient levels of vitamin D with an increased risk of developing several diseases, not only related to the bone component. In recent years, the physiological role of vitamin D has been widely studied and, thanks to this, its action on calcium metabolism is already well known, being one of the hormones responsible for maintaining serum calcium levels, through the promotion of calcium absorption. calcium and phosphorus from the intestine and bone resorption of calcium. However, the clinical importance of vitamin D does not end or is exhausted in the phosphocalcium metabolism, as this is also manifested in several other medical conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, multiple sclerosis, cancer, psychiatric disorders, neuromuscular diseases. Based on this principle, and being aware of the growing number of diseases associated with this deficiency, in recent years there has been a significant increase in interest in vitamin D, becoming a media topic, much discussed by health professionals and citizens. in general, given the high relevance in the clinic, which we propose to explore throughout this dissertation. Issues such as the physiological importance of vitamin D, complications associated with its deficiency, the need for screening for normal levels, and its supplementation, have been widely debated.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Doenças Associadas à Vitamina D, Vitamina D, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde::Medicina, Níveis Séricos de Vitamina D, Fontes de Vitamina D

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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