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O dom da participação na vida divina : a reflexão paulina sobre a graça na parte central da Carta aos Romanos

Authors: Arrigo, Massimiliano Maria;

O dom da participação na vida divina : a reflexão paulina sobre a graça na parte central da Carta aos Romanos

Abstract

O objetivo deste trabalho é perceber como é que a graça auxilia a realização do bem, de acordo com Rom 5-8. Procurou-se responder dividindo o trabalho em três capítulos. No primeiro capítulo analisa-se a estrutura da Carta aos Romanos, principalmente de Rom 5-8, contextualizando a carta e examinando as técnicas exegéticas e retóricas utilizadas por Paulo, particularmente as que estão presentes em Rom 5-8. De seguida, apresenta-se um estudo filológico sobre algumas palavras do vocabulário paulino da graça inerentes ao tema: cháris, ergázomai, prássō, paradídōmi, feίdomai. Do estudo do primeiro capítulo observou-se que a palavra graça, tradução do grego cháris, aparece 166 vezes no corpus paulinum, das quais 25 vezes em Rom e que, em Paulo, é um conceito central que expressa melhor o seu modo de entender o evento salvífico. No segundo capítulo é feito um comentário exegético às perícopes da secção Rom 5-8: Rom 5,2.15.17.20-21; 6,1.14.15.17; 7,15.19.25; 8,32. Definimos a graça como dom, pois ela é a benevolência de Deus que se manifestou na sua plenitude em Cristo. A graça expressa assim a estrutura do evento salvífico, dom não merecido, livre e incongruente. Esta graça transfere para a vida e liberta da escravidão da morte. A graça exclui o pecado, embora que o homem continue pecador e ligado à sua natureza finita e imperfeita. A impossibilidade do homem realizar o bem é devido ao pecado que inabita nele e é pela sua escravidão à morte, à lei e ao pecado que faz com que o homem viva para si mesmo e seja impedido pelo seu egoísmo. No terceiro capítulo fizemos um estudo sistemático sobre a graça, em Rom 5-8, vendo que a graça, segundo Paulo, é o evento salvífico Jesus Cristo; mais do que uma coisa, a graça é uma Pessoa. Deste modo, a graça como auxílio para realizar o bem, na segunda parte de Rom, é o dom que Deus faz de si mesmo aos homens, fazendo-os participantes da vida divina expressa com as categorias de divinização, filiação, união mística. Este dom produz no homem uma transformação interior que o liberta do pecado, da lei e da morte, e liberta a sua liberdade, tornando-o capaz de amar e de conformar-se e configurar-se com Cristo.

The purpose of this work is to understand how grace helps to do good according to Rom 5-8. We tried to answer this by dividing the work into three chapters. In the first chapter we analyzed the structure of the Letter to the Romans, especially Romans 5-8, to contextualize the letter and examine the exegetical and rhetorical techniques used by Paul, particularly those present in Romans 5-8. Later we did a philological study on some words of the Pauline vocabulary of grace inherent to the theme: cháris, ergázomai, prássō, paradídōmi, feίdomai. From the study of the first chapter we observed that the word grace, a translation of the Greek cháris, appears 166 times in the corpus paulinum, 25 of which in Rom, and in Paul it is a central concept that expresses well his way of understanding the salvific event. In the second chapter, we made an exegetical commentary about the pericopes of section Rom 5-8: Rom 5,2.15.17.20-21; 6,1.14.15.17; 7,15.19.25; 8,32. We define grace as a gift, for it is the benevolence of God that has been manifested in its fullness in Christ. Thus, grace expresses the structure of the salvific event, an undeserved gift, free and incongruous. This grace transfers to life and delivers us from the slavery of death. Grace excludes sin, although man remains sinful and bound to his finite and imperfect nature. Man cannot do good due to the sin that lies in him and to his slavery to death, law and sin that makes man live for himself and be prevented by his selfishness. In the third chapter we did a systematic study of grace in Rom 5-8, and we saw that grace, according to Paul, is the saving event Jesus Christ; more than one thing, grace is a Person. Thereby, grace as an aid to do good, in the second part of Rom, is the God's gift of himself to men, making them participants of the divine life that is expressed with the categories of divinization, sonship, and mystical union. This gift produces an inner transformation in man that delivers him from sin, the law and death, and liberates his freedom by making him capable of loving, and conforming and configuring himself to Christ.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Inabitação trinitária, Libertação, Trinitarian inhabitation, Mystical union, Domínio/Área Científica::Humanidades::Filosofia, Ética e Religião, União mística, Carta aos Romanos, Divinização, Filiação, Inner transformation, Kingdom of sin, Liberation, Paradídōmi, Aid, Dom, Prássō, Letter to the Romans, Kingdom of Grace, Sonship, Transformação interior, Cháris, Grace, Reino do pecado, New creation, Ḥeseḏ, Gift, Graça, Ḥen, Divinization, Nova criação, Auxílio, Ergázomai, Feίdomai, Reino da Graça

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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