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handle: 10400.12/2335
Os mecanismos de defesa são um dos conceitos mais originais e uma das mais duráveis contribuições teóricas da psicanálise. O objetivo desta revisão de literatura consiste em aprofundar questões relacionadas com o desenvolvimento e evolução de conceções acerca do conceito, compreender funções relevantes dos mecanismos de defesa, e sobretudo fazer uma pesquisa acerca da investigação empírica ao nível do papel dos mecanismos de defesa no processo e eficácia da psicoterapia, e em torno das variáveis relacionadas com os mecanismos de defesa, com especial enfoque na psicoterapia psicodinâmica. A partir da literatura revista, conclui-se que apesar do reconhecido impacto dos mecanismos de defesa na relação terapêutica, e do aumento da pesquisa empírica na última década, ainda não se verifica uma visão clara acerca das suas implicações e inter-relações com outras varáveis. Cada vez é mais discutido o impacto de variáveis relacionadas com o terapeuta, na evolução do funcionamento defensivo do paciente no decorrer do processo terapêutico. A informação obtida através da literatura foi alvo de uma reflexão critica relativamente às implicações dos achados da investigação empírica, apresentando-se linhas futuras de investigação. ------ ABSTRACT ------ Defense mechanisms are one of the most original concepts and one of the most durable theoretical contributions of psychoanalysis. The purpose of this literature review was to deepen issues related to the development and evolution of the concept, understand relevant functions of defense mechanisms, and particularly elaborate a research about the empirical investigation concerning the role of defense mechanisms in the process and effectiveness of psychotherapy, and also about the variables related to defense mechanisms, with special focus on Psychodynamic Psychotherapy. From the literature reviewed, it appears that despite the recognized impact of defense mechanisms in the therapeutic relationship, and the rise of empirical research in the last decade, yet there is no clear vision about its implications and connections with other variables. The impact of variables related to the therapist, in the evolution of the patient’s defensive functioning during the therapeutic process is an increasingly discussed matter. The information obtained from the literature was the target of a critical reflection on the implications of the findings surrounding empirical research, and future lines of research were provided.
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário, na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Psychotherapy, Process, Psicoterapia, Defense mechanisms, Mecanismos de defesa, Change, Processo, Mudança
Psychotherapy, Process, Psicoterapia, Defense mechanisms, Mecanismos de defesa, Change, Processo, Mudança
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