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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2022
License: CC BY NC SA
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Curvas ROC

Authors: Castro Capelo, Raquel María;

Curvas ROC

Abstract

La curva ROC es una herramienta estadística empleada ampliamente en el ámbito sanitario para evaluar la capacidad diagnóstica de una prueba médica, a la hora de clasificar a una población en dos grupos: pacientes enfermos y pacientes sanos. Es decir, se analizará la capacidad de que una cierta variable, que se denotará variable diagnóstico, sea capaz de clasificar a los sujetos a estudio en sanos y enfermos. En este trabajo se revisan los principales conceptos relacionados con la curva ROC, que permiten, entre otras cosas, obtener su definición y su representación gráfica junto con sus índices resumen, destacando el área bajo la curva, que ayuda a evaluar la capacidad discriminatoria de una prueba y el índice de Youden, que es importante a la hora seleccionar un punto de corte óptimo en función de los objetivos a estudio. También se incluyen otros métodos para seleccionar dicho umbral. Además, se presentarán, de manera general, los principales métodos estadísticos para estimar la curva ROC en función del conocimiento de la distribución que sigue la variable diagnóstico asociada a cada categoría de interés. Es decir, se introducirán métodos de estimación tanto paramétricos como no paramétricos. El funcionamiento de dichos estimadores se ilustrará gracias a datos simulados y al análisis de una base de datos reales. Dichas ilustraciones han sido desarrolladas utilizando el software estadístico y el código usado puede encontrarse en el Anexo I de este documento.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Green