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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2021
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Psoríase e a Vitamina D

Authors: Pinto, Inês Resende;

Psoríase e a Vitamina D

Abstract

Contexto: A psoríase é uma doença crónica, que tem por base mecanismos inflamatórios e autoimunes, com atingimento cutâneo predominante e potencial envolvimento sistémico. O conhecimento da fisiopatologia da psoríase tem sido alvo de grandes avanços nas últimas décadas, com significativo impacto terapêutico, embora alguns dos seus aspetos não sejam ainda totalmente compreendidos. Em particular, é tema de debate o papel da vitamina D nesta dermatose. Esta associação enquadra-se numa linha de investigação moderna que explora as funções extra-esqueléticas desta hormona.Objetivos: Elaborar uma revisão narrativa da literatura recente sobre o papel da vitamina D na psoríase, nas suas diversas vertentes.Metodologia: Numa primeira fase, consultámos sumários do recurso UpToDate, assim como diretrizes da prática clínica de associações de dermatologia. Numa segunda fase, acedemos à base de dados Pubmed, construindo uma equação de pesquisa intersetando os termos MeSH “Psoriasis”, “Vitamin D” e “Humans”. Restringimos esta pesquisa às línguas portuguesa e inglesa e ao período temporal de 2010 a 2020. Complementámos esta pesquisa com artigos relevantes referenciados nos anteriores. Discussão: Diversas abordagens têm vindo a ser adotadas para estudar a relação entre a vitamina D e a psoríase. Em particular, é possível relacionar os níveis séricos da vitamina D com a presença ou a severidade da doença. Alternativamente, alguns autores avaliam a eficácia da toma oral de vitamina D no tratamento da psoríase, enquanto que outros procuram perceber o efeito terapêutico da fototerapia à luz da ação da vitamina D. Por fim, alguns estudos associam níveis baixos de vitamina D nos doentes com psoríase a um risco acrescido de doenças cardiovasculares e de inflamação sistémica.Conclusão: A literatura sugere que doentes com psoríase tendam a apresentar níveis séricos de 25(OH)D mais baixos. Contudo, ainda não se conseguiu provar uma relação de causalidade. A severidade da doença poderá também estar relacionada com os níveis de vitamina D, ainda que a evidência seja escassa. Faltam estudos robustos que comprovem um benefício terapêutico da suplementação com vitamina D oral. A fototerapia, que é eficaz no tratamento da psoríase, induz um aumento da vitamina D sérica. No entanto, a ausência de correlação entre a severidade da psoríase e os níveis de vitamina D apontam para que a eficácia desta terapêutica poderá não se dever exclusivamente ao aumento sérico da vitamina D. Finalmente, há dados que sugerem que os níveis de vitamina D na psoríase se relacionam com um estado de inflamação sistémica e com um aumento de risco cardiovascular.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic disease, resulting from inflammatory and autoimmune mechanisms, which primarily affects the skin but may also have systemic involvement. The understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease has evolved in the last decades, with significant therapeutic impact, however several of its aspects are yet to be fully elucidated. In particular, the role of vitamin D in this skin disease is a topic of debate. The link between vitamin D and psoriasis is part of a modern research line that seeks to understand the extra skeletal functions of this vitamin.Aim: To review the recent literature concerning the various aspects of the role of vitamin D in psoriasis.Methods: In a first step, we accessed the summaries of the UpToDate repository as well as the guidelines of clinical practice from dermatology associations. In a second step, we accessed the Pubmed database with a search equation intersecting the MeSH terms “Psoriasis”, “Vitamin D”, and “Humans”. We constrained the search to the Portuguese and English languages and the time period between 2010 and 2020. We have complemented this search with relevant articles referenced in the former.Discussion: Various approaches have been adopted to study the relation between vitamin D and psoriasis. Namely, it is possible to relate the serum levels of vitamin D with the presence or severity of this condition. Alternatively, some authors evaluate the efficacy of oral vitamin D in the treatment of psoriasis, while others try to establish the therapeutic effect of phototherapy considering the action of vitamin D. Finally, some studies associate low levels of vitamin D in patients with psoriasis with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and systemic inflammation.Conclusion: The literature suggests that patients with psoriasis tend to show lower levels of 25(OH)D. Nevertheless, a causal relation is yet to be proven. Disease severity may also be related with the levels of vitamin D, although the evidence is scarce. There are still not enough robust studies that prove a therapeutic benefit from oral vitamin D supplementation. Phototherapy, which is effective in the treatment of psoriasis, induces a rise in serum vitamin D levels. However, the absence of correlation between the severity of psoriasis and the levels of vitamin D suggests that the efficacy of the treatment may not to be due exclusively to the rise of the serum levels of vitamin D. Finally, there is evidence to suggest that the levels of vitamin D in psoriasis are related with a state of systemic inflammation and with an increased cardiovascular risk.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Pele, Vitamina D, Psoriasis, Deficiência de vitamina D, Vitamin D, Psoríase, Vitamin D Deficiency, Skin

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green