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University of Coimbra

University of Coimbra

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293 Projects, page 1 of 59
  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 101180633
    Funder Contribution: 172,619 EUR

    Archaeological site occupation time span estimates can take the form of quantitative and qualitative intervals. The former can use methods such as radiocarbon dating to obtain temporal calendar intervals that, in some cases, can be fairly precise. For the latter, broader temporal qualitative intervals can be inferred from the characterization of collected materials and artefacts, the identification of specific physical structures, or the type of burial practices. With the increasing incorporation of genomic analysis in archaeological studies where human remains are present, specifically to study population origins, admixture, and social organisation, radiocarbon dates are frequently obtained from the osteological materials being analysed. This allows for a better integration of the genomic, archaeological, and anthropological data, but also leads to an increased usage of finite and unique osteological material. To overcome this, it is theoretically possible to estimate site occupation interval spans using an intertwined matrix of genomic admixture intervals, and only a handful radiocarbon dates for calibration, if calendar dates are required. This project aims to use genomic admixture date estimation software, such as DATES, to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed methodology by using published data from hundreds of samples, and by producing a new genomic and radiocarbon dataset from a site in Portugal. The latter will allow subsampling and simulation analysis, which will be essential for statistical testing of a new open source bioinformatic analytical tool, named OCCUPOMICS, which would allow the user to quickly calculate site occupation intervals and calendar dates by inputting a genomic dataset and any related direct radiocarbon dates.This project, therefore, could lead to a decreased need of radiocarbon dates when site-wise genomic data is available, provide improved precision in dating sites, as well as saving unique osteological material and reducing costs.

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  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 101186492
    Funder Contribution: 2,119,790 EUR

    When searching for sustainable materials, bio-based materials obtained from renewable sources are a promising solution for the future and a priority for the European Union. BioBASED2UC intends to expand a new line of research at the University of Coimbra (UC), that lies on two vectors: 1) the development of bio-based materials (focus on nanocelluloses), and 2) application of the bio-based materials in the conservation and restoration of historical cellulosic objects (focus on paper documents). For that, a new interdisciplinary team will be created under the coordination of the ERA Chair holder, aimed to establish a permanent research group in the field beyond the duration of the project. The ERA Chair holder will be Professor Naceur Belgacem, that, in addition to being a prolific researcher, has a long experience (16 years) in coordinating research groups and institutions. He will be assisted by the internal team of UC and an international advisory board. Besides the development of new products and methodologies, BIOBASED2UC will: strengthen human capital resources at the UC with better-trained researchers and technicians in the two vectors of the proposal; boost the quality of the scientific research developed at UC by succeeding in publishing in high impact journals and in obtaining competitive funding; increase the visibility of UC in bridging interdisciplinary areas within the European Research Area; build a network with the Paper Conservators in Portugal (museums, archives and libraries) with the introduction of the new sustainable approaches. These institutional changes will, in the long term, positively contribute to the achievement of a stronger and more circular economy regionally and across Europe taking a step forward towards the sustainable preservation of cultural heritage, as well to have a new market for nanocelluloses, and creation of new jobs. The UC is committed to taking the necessary measures to support the sound implementation of the project.

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  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 230922
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  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 101040850
    Overall Budget: 1,856,790 EURFunder Contribution: 1,856,790 EUR

    MiCRoARTiS is the blueprint for a five-year program of frontier research to develop a sophisticated spectroscopic approach to study artificial molecular motors. The ultimate goal will be to demonstrate the harnessing of conformational dynamics of molecular motors in the gas phase using microwave spectroscopy. My recent research has shown we can measure broadband microwave spectra of molecular motors in idle mode. Such achievement was remarkable not only because rotationally resolved studies of molecules of this size were out of reach until now, but also because it opens a gateway to a new research line that is risky and ambitious, but its potential is clear. Emerging from a static frame to studies of molecular motors in action in the gas phase will unlock their structural dynamics with unprecedented control over the environment. Molecular nanotechnology will gain a new experimental tool that is highly compatible with theoretical modelling approaches. The significance of this project emerges from the current lack of high-resolution probes that are able to capture a complete structural picture of the mechanical steps of these architectures. An evolved structure-solving tool will be developed, exploiting the unrivalled abilities of microwave spectroscopy to recover three-dimensional structures from rotationally resolved spectra. The virtual isolation created in gas phase molecular ensembles will be exploited to disclose intrinsic and interfacial structural manoeuvres of molecular motors. For the first time, rotationally resolved studies of molecular motors will be carried out in geared-mode, and in the gas phase. A new technology for thermal and optical control of samples will be developed to augment the molecular library at reach, carving a path for this methodology to extend beyond the five-year lifetime of the project. A new vision for spectroscopy of artificial molecular machinery will emerge and significantly advance this frontier of research.

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  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 101111296
    Funder Contribution: 156,779 EUR

    While hydrogen is an excellent green energy carrier, which holds tremendous potential as a sustainable, environmentally friendly, efficient, and clean energy alternative, its storage remains costly, energy-intensive, and hazardous. Recently, the possibility of chemical storage of H2 in the form of ammonia (NH3) is receiving increasing attention. However, despite the potential of NH3 for hydrogen storage the existing fossil fuel-based NH3 production technology is highly energy intensive and costly. Photocatalytic NH3 synthesis is gaining familiarity as it is environmentally benign and sustainable, however, the conventional photocatalysts suffer from low NH3 yield, poor photocatalyst operational stability, and low solar-to-chemical conversion efficiencies, thus it is the current scientific challenge to design an efficient photocatalyst to convert atmospheric N2 to NH3. Hence, the design and construction of novel hybrid photocatalysts with enhanced photocatalytic performance is vital for efficient synthesis of ammonia as a hydrogen energy storage medium. In recent years, the two-dimensional transition metal carbides, carbonitrides and nitrides ( MXenes), are gaining popularity for photocatalytic N2 reduction owing to their diverse elemental compositions, large surface area, light-harvesting ability, and capability to host a broad range of intercalants. Besides heterojunction formation by combination of MXenes with 3D reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and other novel photocatalysts such as Metal–Organic Frameworks, Z-scheme photocatalysts would significantly increase photocatalytic performance of the hybrid by combining the merits of each component. Besides the interconnected structure of 3D rGO framework possesses a macroscopic porous structure, for efficient incorporation of semiconductor nanoparticles in the 3D structure. Thus, the current study designs and fabricates innovative 3D MXene-based hybrid photocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic synthesis of NH3

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