Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2020
Data sources: Estudo Geral
addClaim

Avaliação da exposição da população portuguesa à Aflatoxina B1 através do consumo de arroz

Authors: Perdigão, Catarina Alexandra Marques;

Avaliação da exposição da população portuguesa à Aflatoxina B1 através do consumo de arroz

Abstract

As micotoxinas são metabolitos secundários produzidos por fungos filamentosos, que representam um problema grave de saúde pública. A contaminação dos géneros alimentícios pode ocorrer antes ou depois da colheita, devido a más práticas agrícolas e/ou de armazenamento, sendo espetável que as alterações climáticas e consequentemente, o aumento da temperatura, possam estar na origem de um incremento na produção e ocorrência de micotoxinas. As aflatoxinas (AFs), produzidas por certas estirpes de fungos do género Aspergillus, apresentam efeitos mutagénicos, carcinogénicos, teratogénicos e imunossupressores, sendo a AFB1 a mais preocupante, pois foi identificada como o principal hepatocarcinogénico natural, classificado pela IARC como Grupo 1. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o nível de contaminação de AFB1 em 42 amostras de arroz, 20 das quais comercializadas em Portugal e 22 gentilmente cedidas por produtores portugueses. Esta matriz alimentar apresenta elevada importância alimentar e económica, pois corresponde ao segundo cereal com maior consumo/per capita a nível mundial. De modo a quantificar a AFB1 nas amostras recorreu-se ao ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA) em formato competitivo (RIDASCREEN®, R-Biopharm, Alemanha), com deteção por espectrofotómetro, de acordo com recomendações do fabricante (limite de deteção de 1 μg/kg). As amostras foram previamente extraídas usando metanol e água destilada (70:30 v/v). Das 42 amostras de arroz analisadas, apenas 2 foram positivas (4,8%) (> limite de deteção (LOD) de 1 µg/kg para cereais), sendo os teores de contaminação de AFB1 correspondentes a 1,96 e 2,20 µg/kg. A destacar que apenas uma amostra se encontrava acima do limite máximo admissível (LMA) estipulado por lei na União Europeia (UE)(2 µg/kg). A exposição média da população portuguesa a AFB1 através do consumo de arroz foi estimada em 1,5 ng/ kg p.c./ dia, valor largamente superior à Ingestão Diária Máxima Tolerável Provável (PMTDI) de AFB1 para adultos e crianças com ou sem hepatite. Devido ao elevado consumo deste género alimentício, estes valores poderão constituir uma preocupação para a saúde dos consumidores. Assim, torna-se imprescindível o desenvolvimento de estudos adicionais, de forma a contribuir para a segurança alimentar no âmbito da produção e comercialização do arroz.

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi, which represent a serious public health problem. Contamination of foodstuffs can occur before or after harvest, due to poor agricultural and/or storage practices (high temperatures and humidity), climate change is also identified as a possible inducer in the increase in the production and occurrence of mycotoxins, due to the increase in temperature. Aflatoxins (AFs), produced by certain strains of fungi of the Aspergillus genus, have mutagenic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressive effects, being AFB1 the most hazardous, considering it was identified as the main natural hepatocarcinogen by IARC as Group 1. This study aimed to analyze the level of AFB1 contamination in 42 samples of rice, 20 of which are marketed in Portugal and 22 kindly provided by Portuguese producers. This food matrix has an important role in foodstuffs as well as in the economy, as rice is the second cereal with the highest consumption/per capita in the world. To quantify AFB1 present in the samples, the enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) in a competitive format was used (RIDASCREEN®, R-Biopharm, Alemanha), with detection by spectrophotometry, according to the manufacturer's recommendations (detection limit of 1 μg/kg). The samples were previously extracted using methanol and distilled water (70:30 v/v). Of the 42 rice samples analyzed, only 2 were positive (4.8%) (> detection limit (LOD), 1 µg/kg for cereals), with the contamination levels of AFB1 corresponding to 1.96 and 2.20 µg/kg. It should be noted that only one sample was above the maximum allowable limit (MAL) stipulated by the laws of the European Union (EU) (2 µg/kg). The average exposure of the Portuguese population to AFB1 through the consumption of rice was estimated at 1.5 ng/ kg bw/ day, which is much higher than the Maximum Probable Tolerable Daily Intake (PMTDI) of AFB1 for adults and children with or without hepatitis. Due to the high consumption of this foodstuff, these values may be a concern for the health of consumers. Further studies related to the theme are crucial, to contribute to food safety concerning rice production and commercialization.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Segurança Alimentar apresentada à Faculdade de Farmácia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Micotoxinas, Aflatoxin B1, Arroz, ELISA, Rice, Mycotoxins, Exposição, Aflatoxina B1, Exposure

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green