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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2019
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Há Diferenças na Doença Invasiva por Staphylococcus Aureus Meticilina-Resistente e Meticilina Sensível?

Authors: Ferrão, Tomás Rocha Branco;

Há Diferenças na Doença Invasiva por Staphylococcus Aureus Meticilina-Resistente e Meticilina Sensível?

Abstract

Introdução: O Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) é uma causa frequente de infeções em idade pediátrica, que se podem apresentar sob a forma de doença invasiva (DISa), em infeções associadas aos cuidados de saúde (IACS) e também nas adquiridas na comunidade (IC). A resistência à meticilina é um problema em alguns países. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a DISa e avaliar se há diferenças quando é causada por Sa meticilina-resistente (SaMR) ou por Sa meticilina-suscetível (SaMS), num hospital pediátrico durante uma década.Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal analítico com colheita retrospetiva de dados dos processos clínicos de crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico de DISa (identificação de Sa num produto habitualmente estéril ou em pús de abcesso drenado cirurgicamente) no Hospital Pediátrico do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra de 1/1/2008 a 31/12/2017. Foram avaliadas variáveis demográficas, clínicas, microbiológicas e mortalidade. Foram considerados fatores de risco para DISa: patologia crónica com visitas recorrentes ao hospital, institucionalização, diálise ou cateter de longa duração, hospitalização nos 12 meses prévios e cirurgia nos 6 meses prévios. A análise estatística foi realizada em SPSS 22®.Resultados: Foram diagnosticados 232 casos de DISa, 121 (52,2%) IACS e 111 (47,8%) IC, com uma mediana de 24,5 casos/ano (IQR 6). A idade mediana foi de 3,2 anos (IQR 10,3). Sa foi detetado no sangue (45,1%), abcesso (39,3%), líquido peritoneal (4,9%), líquido pleural e líquido articular (4,1% cada), e fragmento ósseo (2,5%). Os diagnósticos foram: abcesso (40,5%), bacteriémia (16,4%), artrite/osteomielite (15,9%), infeção de catéter venoso central (CVC) (13,8%), infeção intra-abdominal (6,5%), pneumonia (4,3%) e sépsis (2,6%). Tiveram necessidade de internamento 80,2%. Eram SaMR 36/232 (15,5%), 31 IACS e 5 IC. Os SaMR estiveram mais frequentemente associados a IACS, a infeções de CVC e a pneumonia e os SaMS a abcessos. Todos receberam antibiótico e 51,3% tiveram também tratamento cirúrgico, sobretudo em infeções por SaMS. Não houve diferença na idade, hospitalização, mortalidade e complicações entre SaMS e SaMR. Seis faleceram, todos com IACS, 4 com doença oncológica, 4 SaMS e 2 SaMR. Discussão e conclusões: A DISa tem-se mantido relativamente estável na última década, com predomínio de abcessos, infeções osteoarticulares e bacteriémia. A evolução foi favorável na maioria dos casos. As infeções por SaMR associaram-se mais frequentemente a IACS e à presença de fatores de risco, bem como a infeções de CVC e pneumonia. Os abcessos foram mais frequentes nas infeções por SaMS. Ambas tiveram evolução semelhante.

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is a common cause of infection in paediatrics, that can present as invasive disease, either as healthcare-associated (HAI) or increasingly as community acquired (CA) infections. Methicillin resistance is a problem in some countries. This study aimed to characterise SA invasive disease and determine if there are differences between methicillin-resistant SA (MRSA) or methicillin-susceptible SA (MSSA), in a paediatric hospital during a decade.Methods: Observational cross-sectional analytical study with retrospective data collection of the clinical files of paediatric patients diagnosed with SA invasive disease (identification of SA in a normally sterile biologic product or in a surgically drained abscess) in Hospital Pediátrico of Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra from 1/1/2008 to 31/12/2017. Demographic, clinical and microbiological data, and outcome were evaluated. Risk factors for invasive disease included: chronic disease with recurrent hospital visits, living in an institution, dialysis or long-term catheter, hospitalisation in the previous 12 months and surgery in the previous 6 months prior to sample collection. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22®.Results: 232 cases of SA invasive disease were diagnosed, 121 (52,2%) HAI and 111 (47,8%) CA, with a median of 24,5 cases/year (IQR 6). Median age was 3,2 years (IQR 10,3). SA was found in blood (45,1%), abscess (39,3%), peritoneal fluid (4,9%), pleural and joint fluid (4,1% each) and bone biopsy (2,5%). Diagnosis were: abscess (40,5%), bacteremia (16,4%), arthritis/osteomyelitis (15,9%), central venous catheter (CVC) infection (13,8%), intra-abdominal infection (6,5%), pneumonia (4,3%) and sepsis (2,6%). 80,2% required hospitalisation. 36/232 (15,5%) were MRSA, 31 HAI and 5 CA. MRSA was more frequently associated with HAI, CVC infection and pneumonia, and MSSA with abscesses. All received antibiotic and 51,3% surgical treatment, mainly children with MSSA. There was no significant difference between MSSA and MRSA regarding age, hospitalisation, mortality and complications. Six died, all with HAI: 4 had cancer, 4 had MSSA and 2 MRSA. Discussion and conclusions: SA invasive infections have remained relatively stable during the last decade, with predominance of soft tissue, bone and joint infections and bacteraemia. Outcome was favourable in most cases. MRSA infections were more frequently associated with HAI and presence of risk factors, as well as CVC infection and pneumonia. Abscesses were more frequent in infections by MSSA. Both had similar outcomes.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Methicilin-Resistance, Invasive Disease, Staphylococcus Aureus, Doença Invasiva, Resistência à meticilina

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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