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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2019
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Asma no idoso

Authors: Balaia, Jorge Miguel Caetano;
Abstract

Introdução: A asma é uma doença inflamatória das vias respiratórias que se caracteriza pela sua heterogeneidade e variabilidade. No doente idoso, as alterações estruturais, funcionais e imunológicas, relacionadas com a idade, e a presença frequente de comorbilidades, tornam a abordagem desta doença mais complexa, resultando em desafios importantes no diagnóstico e tratamento.Métodos: Com este trabalho pretendeu-se rever a literatura publicada nos últimos 5 anos relativa a este tema - a asma no idoso. Para o efeito, incluíram-se estudos retrospetivos, prospetivos, transversais, estudos de caso e artigos de revisão obtidos através das plataformas de pesquisa Pubmed e Embase.Resultados: Tendo em consideração o envelhecimento da população, estima-se que o número de casos de asma no idoso tenha aumentado nos últimos anos. Frequentemente, estes doentes apresentam manifestações clínicas mais graves e uma taxa de mortalidade superior associada à evolução da doença. Alterações estruturais, funcionais e imunológicas, combinadas com as alterações causadas pela asma, contribuem para uma detioração da função pulmonar. Têm sido descritos na literatura diferentes fenótipos de asma no idoso, desde asma de longa evolução, mais frequentemente alérgica, a asma de início tardio, muitas vezes grave e associada a um perfil neutrofílico e a sobreposição de asma e DPOC, que partilha características de ambas as doenças. Atualmente não existe um consenso relativo ao diagnóstico de asma no idoso, aplicando-se as mesmas linhas de orientação utilizadas em outras faixas etárias. O tratamento deve ser multidimensional, abrangendo as dimensões física, psicológica, cognitiva e social do doente. No doente geriátrico, a terapia farmacológica é um desafio, considerando a frequente presença de doentes polimedicados e suas interações farmacocinéticas e farmacodinâmicas e a presença de múltiplas comorbilidades que poderão influenciar a evolução da doença e a resposta à terapêutica.Conclusão: Atualmente a fisiopatologia da Asma no doente idoso representa uma área de investigação em que o conhecimento ainda não é totalmente claro. Assim, e tendo em consideração o envelhecimento da população e a complexidade do doente idoso, é fulcral a investigação e aprofundamento dos conhecimentos nesta área, de modo a padronizar a abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica.

Introduction: Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by its heterogeneity and variability. In the elderly patient, age related structural, functional and immunological changes and the frequent presence of comorbidities are partially responsible for the complexity of this disease, posing important challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of these patients.Methods: In this work, the literature about asthma in elderly published in the last 5 years was revised. We included retrospective, prospective and cross-sectional studies and case reports obtained through the Pubmed and Embase research tools.Results: Considering the aging of the population, it is estimated that the number if asthma cases in the elderly has increased in recent years. These patients often have more sever clinical features and a higher mortality rate associated with disease progression. Age related structural, functional and immunological alterations and pathological changes caused by asthma itself contribute to the lung function deterioration. Different phenotypes of asthma have been described in the literature. Long-standing asthma is usually atopic and appears in childhood or youth. Late onset asthma is often severe and associated with a neutrophilic profile and asthma-copd overlapped syndrome shares characteristics of both diseases. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the diagnosis of asthma in the elderly, so the guidelines used in other age groups are applied. Treatment should be multidimensional, covering the physical, psychological, cognitive and social dimensions of the patient. In the geriatric patient pharmacological management is challenging due to the frequent presence of polymedicated patients who are more prone to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions and the presence of multiple comorbidities that may influence the disease’s progression and the therapy’s response.Conclusion: Currently, the knowledge about the pathophysiology of asthma in the elderly is not completely clear. Thus, taking into account the population aging and the complexity of the elderly patient, it’s essential to research and deepen the knowledge in this field, in order to standardize the diagnostic and therapeutic approach.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

asma, aged, envelhecimento, idoso, comorbilidades, aging, phenotypes, fenótipos, asthma, comorbidities

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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