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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2017
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Sugar decolorization Sugar decolorization - strategies and solutions

Authors: Azevedo, João Luciano Amorim;

Sugar decolorization Sugar decolorization - strategies and solutions

Abstract

A indústria do açúcar consiste principalmente em dois produtos: açúcar bruto e refinado. O segundo é o mais procurado pelo mercado e pelos consumidores finais, sendo que a necessidade por um produto de melhor qualidade, por menor custo e impacto ambiental é uma constante. Refinar açúcar é um processo cujo objetivo principal é remover impurezas, que geralmente estão relacionadas a compostos corados, da sacarose. Este trabalho foi focado no processo de refinamento do açúcar, mais especificamente na remoção da cor por meio da precipitação de compostos corados da solução de açúcar, para, então, separar tais compostos por meios físicos, como a filtração ou clarificação. Com base no cenário atual e na informação obtida na literatura, o estudo foi conduzido guiado pelo uso de polímeros catiónicos como agentes precipitantes por meio de floculação. O estudo compreende três etapas: a primeira é uma caracterização dos polímeros fornecidos pela AquaTech Suíça, utilizando métodos óticos, dispersão de luz dinâmica e estática, para caracterizar o tamanho e peso molecular, e dispersão de luz eletroforética para determinar o potencial zeta dos polímeros. A segunda parte do trabalho foi realizada em licor carbonatado de açúcar bruto, fornecido pela RAR Portugal, e assim testando os diferentes polímeros a diferentes dosagens e em condições, pH e temperatura, semelhantes às da segunda fase de saturação no processo de carbonatação e, após a floculação, medindo a descoloração atingida seguindo o método ICUMSA 420 de caracterização de cores de soluções de açúcar; A terceira e a última parte do trabalho foi o monitoramento contínuo do processo de floculação, utilizando a espectroscopia de difração a laser, para o acompanhamento da cinética de floculação, buscando evidências da floculação realizada pelos polímeros selecionados após os testes laboratoriais. O estudo foi realizado usando polímeros individualmente e testando também misturas de dois ou três destes polímeros. As conclusões foram que a descoloração alcançada foi boa, provando que os floculantes catiónicos são agentes de descoloração eficazes quando utilizados ao longo do processo de carbonatação. O desempenho do polímero está relacionado às suas características, necessitando de mais estudos para encontrar o equilíbrio do peso molecular, tamanho da cadeia de polímero e carga para encontrar as dosagens mais adequadas para alcançar o melhor desempenho. O LDS é uma boa ferramenta para monitorar e estudar a floculação em licor de açúcar carbonatado diluído.

Sugar industry comprises mainly of two products: raw and refined sugar. The second one is the most required by the market and consumers, as the requirement for a better quality product for a lower cost and environmental impact is a constant. Refining sugar is a process which main objective is to remove impurities, which normally are related to color compounds, from sucrose. This work was focused in the sugar refining process, more specifically in the color removal by means of precipitation of color compounds from sugar solution in order to separate such compounds by physical means like filtration or clarification. Based on the actual scenario and information obtained in the literature, the study was conducted guided by the use of cationic polymers as color precipitants through flocculation. The study comprises three steps: first is a characterization of the polymers supplied by AquaTech Switzerland, using optical methods, dynamic and static light scattering, to characterize the size and the molecular weight, and electrophoretic light scattering, for zeta potential of the polymers. As second part of the work the laboratorial decolorization tests were conducted in sugar carbonated liquor, supplied by RAR Portugal, testing the different polymers at different dosages, in conditions, pH and temperature, similar to that of the second stage of saturation in carbonatation process, and measuring the decolorization achieved by the treatment with each polymer, following the ICUMSA 420 color characterization method; as third and last part of the work continuous monitoring of flocculation process was performed by using laser diffraction spectroscopy, as technique for following the flocculation kinetics, this way to search for evidences of the flocculation performed by the polymers selected after the laboratorial tests. The study was performed using polymers individually and trying blends of two or three different polymers. Conclusions were that the decolorization achieved was good, proving that cationic flocculants are effective decolorization agents when used along the carbonatation process. The polymer performance is related to its characteristics, needing to perform further studies to find a balance for molecular weight, size of polymer chain and charge to find the most suitable relations in order to achieve the best performance. LDS is proven a good tool to monitoring and study flocculation in diluted carbonated sugar liquor.

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Química apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Sugar Refining, Refinamento De Açúcar, descoloração, Cationic Polymer Flocculation, Lase diffraction Spectroscopy, floculação polimeros catiónicos, Color Removal, Carbonatation, Carbonatação, Espectroscopia De Disfração Laser

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green