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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2018
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Avaliação do Risco Ambiental de Antidepressivos

Authors: Gonçalves, Ana Margarida Matos;

Avaliação do Risco Ambiental de Antidepressivos

Abstract

A evolução da ciência ao longo dos séculos levou a grandes avanços na área de desenvolvimento de produtos farmacêuticos, melhorando em muito a vida humana, contudo, o consumo de produtos farmacêuticos tem vindo a aumentar gradualmente com o passar dos tempos e, consequentemente, contaminando o meio ambiente. A ocorrência desses compostos no meio ambiente tem levantado preocupações em todo o mundo devido ao seu impacto nos ecossistemas.Através de vários estudos, verificou-se que os medicamentos e os seus metabolitos exerciam sua ação sobre os organismos vivos pertencentes a esses ecossistemas, principalmente no ambiente aquático. Devido a esse perigo apresentado, a Agência Europeia de Medicamentos (EMA), em 2006, publicou a sua diretriz sobre Avaliação de Risco Ambiental (ERA) de medicamentos para uso humano, discriminando as normas e procedimentos necessários para prever o possível impacto que novas autorizações de introdução no mercado de medicamentos podem ter sobre o ambiente.Assim, o presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo realizar a ERA de cinco antidepressivos pertencentes a inibidores seletivos de recaptação de serotonina (ISRSs), através da revisão de dados da literatura científica relativos a ocorrência e toxicidade para organismos aquáticos não-alvo.Foi avaliado o risco ecotoxicológico dos ISRSs selecionados para diferentes níveis tróficos de organismos aquáticos, através de quocientes de risco (RQs) pela relação entre a Concentração Ambiental Medida (CAM) e a Concentração Prevista de Não-Efeito (PNEC). A Fluvoxamina, foi o único composto encontrado em águas residuais e superficiais, com RQ menor que 1 para todos os níveis tróficos, onde nenhum risco é esperado. No entanto, os restantes fármacos representam um impacto negativo para o meio ambiente aquático.

The evolution of science over the centuries has led to major advances in the development of pharmaceuticals, greatly improving human life, however, the consumption of pharmaceuticals has gradually increased and consequently contaminating the environment. The occurrence of these compounds in the environment has raised worldwide concerns due to their impact on ecosystems.Through several studies, it was verified that the drugs and their metabolites exerted their action on the living organisms belonging to these ecosystems, namely the aquatic environment. Due to this danger, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) published in 2006 its Guideline on Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) for Medicinal Products for Human Use, setting out the rules and procedures necessary to predict the possible impact of new authorizations medicinal products may have on the environment.The main objective of the present study was to perform the ERA of five antidepressants belonging to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, through a review of the literature data on the occurrence and toxicity of non-target aquatic organisms.The ecotoxicological risk of SSRIs selected for different trophic levels of aquatic organisms was evaluated through risk quotients (RQs) by the relationship between the Measured Environmental Concentration (MEC) and the Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC). Fluvoxamine was the only compound found in surface and wastewater, with RQ<1 for all trophic levels; where, no risk is expected. However, the remaining drugs have a negative impact on the aquatic environment.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas apresentado à Faculdade de Farmácia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Ecotoxicologia, Environmental Risk Assessment, Occurrence, Ocorrência, Contaminantes Ambientais, Environmental Pollutants, Ecotoxicology, Inibidores seletivos da recaptação da serotonina, Avaliação do Risco Ambiental, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green