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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2018
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Produção de bioetanol celulósico: otimização de parâmetros

Authors: Banaco, Maria Beatriz Fernandes;

Produção de bioetanol celulósico: otimização de parâmetros

Abstract

O setor automóvel tem-se vindo a expandir ao longo dos séculos XX e XXI, o que tem provocado o aumento da produção e emissão de CO2 para o ambiente, contribuindo assim para o agravamento da poluição ambiental e do aquecimento global. Não se prevendo a quebra deste setor, é essencial procurar novas alternativas para a diminuição dos gases de efeito estufa, apostando em projetos de inovação e diferenciação que tornem esta indústria mais competitiva, como é o caso da produção de biocombustíveis, ou seja, de bioetanol. É possível utilizar resíduos da indústria papeleira, isto é, recorrer à biomassa lenhocelulósica para a produção de bioetanol celulósico, utilizando o processo de sacarificação e fermentação em simultâneo (SSF). O principal objetivo foi comparar os resultados obtidos da eficiência de produção de bioetanol celulósico a partir de dois materiais lenhocelulósicos diferentes, recorrendo ao processo SSF à temperatura de 38ºC, variando a consistência (3, 6 e 9%) e a carga enzimática (10 e 15 FPU/gHC). Desta forma, utilizou-se a solução enzimática Cellic® CTec2 e a levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC® 26602™) e enquanto biomassa utilizou-se uma pasta de casca de eucalipto e uma pasta de fibra mista virgem. A partir da técnica de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (HPLC) determinou-se a concentração de etanol presente nas amostras de cada pasta. Assim, a concentração máxima de etanol foi de 38,5 g/L às 72 h, com a pasta de fibra mista virgem à consistência de 9% e uma carga enzimática de 15 FPU/gHC. Já com a pasta de casca de eucalipto, conseguiu-se atingir uma concentração máxima de 34,7 g/L às 48 h, também a 9% e a 15 FPU/gHC. No entanto, com a diminuição da carga enzimática para 10 FPU/gHC, de forma a se otimizar o processo, conseguiu-se alcançar altas concentrações de etanol, à consistência de 9%, com ambas as pastas utilizadas. Com a pasta de fibra mista virgem, às 72 h, atingiu-se uma concentração máxima de 35,8 g/L, enquanto com a pasta de casca de eucalipto, às 48 h, atingiu-se 33,2 g/L.

The automotive sector has been expanding throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, which has led to increased production and emission of CO2 into the environment, thus contributing to the worsening of environmental pollution and global warming. Not foreseeing the breakdown of this sector, it is essencial to look for new alternatives for the reduction of greenhouse gases, betting on projects of innovation and differentiation that make this industry more competitive, as is the case of the production of biofuels, that is bioethanol. It is possible to use paper industry waste, that is, to use lignocellulosic biomass for the production of cellulosic bioethanol, using the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process (SSF). The main objective was to compare the results of the production efficiency of cellulosic bioethanol from two different lignocellulosic materials using SSF process at 38ºC and varyng the consistency (3, 6 and 9%) and enzymatic loading (10 and 15 FPU/gHC). In this way, a Cellic® CTec2 enzyme solution and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC® 26602™) yeast were used and as a biomass a pulp of eucalyptus bark and a mixed fiber pulp were used. From the high-performance liquid cromatography technique, the concentration of ethanol present in samples of each pulp was determined. The maximum concentration of ethanol was 38,5 g/L at 72 h, with mixed fiber pulp at 9% consistency and 15 FPU/gHC enzymatic loading. With the eucalyptus bark pulp, a maximum concentration of 34,7 g/L was achieved at 48 h, also at 9% and at 15 FPU/gHC. However, with the reduction of enzyme loading to 10 FPU/gHC, in order to optimize the process, it was possible to achieve high concentrations of ethanol, at a consistency of 9%, with both pulps. With the mixed fiber pulp at 72 h, a maximum concentration of 35,8 g/L was reached, while the eucalyptus bark pulp at 48 h reached 33,2 g/L.

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Química apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

biomassa lenhocelulósica, carga enzimática, cellulosic bioethanol, consistency, bioetanol celulósico, enzymatic loading, SSF, consistência, lignocellulosic biomass

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green