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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2018
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Biomateriais bio-inspirados à base de sílica para aplicações biomédicas em tecidos duros

Authors: Miraldo, André Manuel da Costa Patrão;

Biomateriais bio-inspirados à base de sílica para aplicações biomédicas em tecidos duros

Abstract

A síntese de sílica para aplicações biológicas apresenta vários desafios, nomeadamente a incorporação de fármacos ou outros compostos de interesse devido às altas temperaturas e pressões a que ocorre a síntese. O biomimetismo é uma técnica que consiste na imitação de modelos, sistemas ou reações que ocorrem na Natureza. Para a síntese de sílica, esta técnica inspira-se em organismos como as diatomáceas Recorrendo a catalisadores biomiméticos é possível sintetizar sílica a temperaturas e pressões baixas. Como tal, o objetivo deste trabalho é a síntese de sílica em meio aquoso, utilizando o TEOS como precursor e, a hexametilenodiamina, a espermina, a espermidina, a norespermidina, a taurina, poli(etilenoimina) linear e poli(etilenoimina) ramificada como catalisadores biomiméticos. Após a síntese, as várias amostras de sílica obtidas foram tratadas e sujeitas a caracterização química, física e morfológica. As propriedades das partículas de sílica obtidas foram analisadas de acordo com as propriedades químicas dos catalisadores e diferenças de pH do meio de reação.Todos os catalisadores foram capazes de sintetizar sílica a temperaturas e pressões baixas. As amostras que utilizaram poliaminas ou poli(etilenoiminas) verificaram uma redução da massa sintetizada a partir das 24h, devendo-se à rápida condensação e posterior despolimerização da sílica, característica de síntese a valores altos de pH. A amostra de sílica obtida com hexometilenodiamina como catalisador revelou o maior rendimento mássico, dentro das poliaminas, assim como menor diâmetro de partículas de sílica (313,32±99,96 nm). No entanto apresenta a menor área de superfície (3,205 m2/g) e maior diâmetro médio de poros (19,40 nm). As sílicas obtidas usando a taurina e a poli(etilenoimina) ramificada como catalisadores apresentam a maior área de superfície (399,088 m2/g e 274,121 m2/g) e menor diâmetro de poros (3,37 nm e 4,81 nm) segundo a análise de adsorção de azoto. Os catalisadores que demonstraram maior rendimento mássico foram também a taurina e a poli(etilenoimina) ramificada.Como tal, o uso de poliaminas como catalisadores biomiméticos induz a formação de partículas esféricas de sílica mesoporosa a temperaturas e pressões ambiente. Nos outros catalisadores não foi possível a obtenção de partículas esféricas, mas de monólitos com mesoporosidade. Pelo que, esta abordagem demonstrou capacidade de ser vantajosa em aplicações biomédicas.

Silica synthesis for biological applications presents an array of challenges, namely the incorporation of drugs or other biological compounds due to the high temperatures and pressures at which the synthesis occurs. biomimetism is a technique that imitates natural systems, models, or reactions. In silica synthesis, this technique draws inspirations from various organisms such as the diatoms.By using biomimetic catalysts, silica can be synthesized at low temperatures and pressures. With that being, the purpose of this work was synthetizing silica in an aqueous media, using TEOS as a precursor and, hexamethylenediamine, spermine, spermidine, norspermidine, taurine and both branched and linear poly(ethyleneimines) as biomimetic catalysts. Post-synthesis, the various silica samples were treated and subjected to physical, chemical and morphologic characterization. The obtained silica particles’ properties were analyzed according to the catalysts’ chemical proprieties and reaction media pH results.All catalysts were able to synthetize silica. The samples synthetized by polyamines or poly(ethyleneimines) presented a reduction on mass yield after 24h of synthesis. Which can be driven by the fast condensation and silica depolymerization, given the high pH at which the synthesis occurred. The silica sample yielded by hexamethylenediamine presented the bigger mass yield out of the polyamines, as well as the smallest particle diameter (313,32±99,96 nm), even though it had the lowest surface area (3,205 m2/g) and biggest pore diameter (19,40 nm nm). Silicas obtained by taurine and branched poly(ethyleneimine) presented the biggest surface area (3,37 nm and 4,81 nm) and smallest pore diameter (399,088 m2/g e 274,121 m2/g), according to the N2 adsorption. The catalysts which demonstrated the highest silica mass yield were the branched poly(ethyleneimine) and taurine.As such, the use of polyamines as biomimetic catalysts induces the formation of spherical mesoporous silica particles at low temperature and pressures. Other catalysts were not able to obtain spherical particles but rather mesoporous monoliths of amorphous silica. Therefore, this approach demonstrated its applicability in biomedical science.

Trabalho de Projeto do Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Biomédica apresentado à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Aplicações biomédicas em tecidos duros, Biomateriais à base de sílica, Biomimetic Catalysts, Aqueous-based sol-gel methods, Catalisadores Biomiméticos, Silica-based Biomaterials, Hard Tissue Biomedical Applications, Métodos sol-gel em meio aquoso

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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