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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2018
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Polimiosite - Fisiopatologia e Terapêutica

Authors: Alves, André Oliveira;

Polimiosite - Fisiopatologia e Terapêutica

Abstract

A Polimiosite é uma doença que se inclui no grupo das Miopatias Inflamatórias Idiopáticase cuja etiologia continua desconhecida até ao momento. Contudo, a presença de anticorpose linfócitos T nos músculos, acompanhada por respostas positivas à terapêutica imunológica,constituem evidência de que podemos estar perante uma doença autoimune.As vias imunitárias e não imunitárias são a base do estudo da Polimiosite, sendo que aevolução destes conceitos foi crucial para uma melhor compreensão e distinção entre asdiferentes Miopatias Inflamatórias Idiopáticas.Apesar de nem sempre ser detetada morte ou degeneração celular, a nível muscular, éeste o processo que está na origem da fraqueza e diminuição do desempenho muscularcaraterísticas desta doença, sendo por isso, o primeiro alvo de estudo em caso de suspeita amesma.Ao longo dos anos foram vários os avanços ao nível do diagnóstico e terapêutica, de talforma que, ao exame físico inicial, indicativo da progressão da fraqueza muscular, foramacrescentados outros critérios de diagnóstico, tais como os níveis séricos das enzimasmusculares, características da distrofia muscular, presença de anticorpos específicos da mioseno soro e, por fim, a biópsia muscular, peça fundamental na distinção entre a Polimiosite e asrestantes Miopatias Inflamatórias Idiopáticas.A base do tratamento da Polimiosite continua a ser o reforço e eliminação da inflamaçãomuscular, em que o tratamento de primeira linha são os corticosteroides. No entanto, novasalternativas terapêuticas têm surgido, tais como a utilização de agentes imunossupressores e,mais recentemente, a bioterapia.A presente monografia consiste, assim, numa revisão da literatura sobre os estudos eavanços alcançados ao nível da fisiopatologia e terapêutica da Polimiosite, doença muito poucoconhecida atualmente.

Polymyositis is a disease included in the group of the Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathiesand whose etiology remains unknown, so far. However, the presence of antibodies and Tlymphocytes in the muscles, accompanied by positive responses to the immunological therapy,evidence that this might be an autoimmune disease.The immune and non-immune pathways are the basis of the study of Polymyositis, beingthat the evolution of these concepts was crucial for a better understanding and distinctionbetween the different Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies.Although death or cell degeneration are not always detected at the muscular level, theyconstitute the source of weakness and decrease of muscular performance, characteristics ofthis disease, being therefore the first target of study in case of suspicion.Over the years there have been several advances in diagnosis and therapy, in such a waythat the initial physical examination, indicative of the progression of muscle weakness, is nowcomplemented by other diagnostic criteria, such as serum levels of muscle enzymes, musculardystrophy, the presence of myositis specific antibodies in the serum and, finally, muscle biopsy,a key element in the distinction between Polymyositis and the remaining IdiopathicInflammatory Myopathies.The basis for Polymyositis treatment continues to be the strengthening and eliminationof muscle inflammation, where the first treatment line are the corticosteroids. However, newtherapeutic alternatives have emerged, such as the use of immunosuppressive agents and,more recently, biotherapy.The present monography consists in a review of the literature on the studies and advancesachieved in the pathophysiology and therapeutics of Polymyositis, a disease that remains littleknown nowadays.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas apresentado à Faculdade de Farmácia

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Miopatias Inflamatórias Idiopáticas, Tratamento, Polimiosite, Biópsia muscular, Doença Autoimune, Muscle biopsy, Therapy, Autoimmune Disease, Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies, Polymyositis

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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