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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2017
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Internship Reports and Monograph entitled "The Regulatory World of Generic Medicines and Patents"

Authors: Ribeiro, João Pedro Silva;

Internship Reports and Monograph entitled "The Regulatory World of Generic Medicines and Patents"

Abstract

O medicamento genérico é desenvolvido para ser essencialmente similar a um medicamento já existente no mercado, contendo a(s) mesma(s) substância(s) ativa(s) em relação ao medicamento de referência. No entanto, podem ser diferentes quanto ao nome, aspeto e revestimento, tendo em conta o uso de outros excipientes na sua formulação, assim como pelo uso de diferentes bases da substância ativa desde que não afete a sua atividade e biodisponibilidade. Estes são fabricados de acordo com os mesmos parâmetros de qualidade, eficácia e segurança a que todos os restantes medicamentos são sujeitos, sendo esta atividade assegurada pelas autoridades regulamentares, que analisam a documentação de suporte ao pedido de Autorização de Introdução no Mercado (AIM) e realizam inspeções periódicas para comprovar e validar boas práticas de fabrico. Apesar de existir alguma desconfiança quanto a produtos genéricos, esta tendência tem vindo a diminuir progressivamente com o tempo. Apenas após o término do período de exclusividade conferido ao medicamento de referência, é que o Titular de AIM do genérico poderá ter acesso à informação necessária para o seu desenvolvimento. A legislação europeia confere este tempo de exclusividade de mercado e de proteção de dados por um período limitado às empresas responsáveis por criações inovadoras. A Indústria Farmacêutica pode fazer uso da legislação regulamentar da patente com o intuito de obter períodos mais alargados de monopólio de mercado, recorrendo a várias estratégias através de Investigação e Desenvolvimento (I&D), soluções de negócio ou acordos de resoluções litigiosas. Contudo, esta vantagem competitiva inerente ao poder protetivo da patente é crucial para a recuperação de altos gastos realizados em I&D, ao simultaneamente gerar lucro, estimular inovação e crescimento económico. Tendo conhecimento do clima económico e social moderno, é importante valorizarmos os medicamentos genéricos, inseridos numa agenda política de contenção de despesa pública, sendo o seu custo consideravelmente mais barato em relação a um produto de marca. Com o sentido de compreender os requisitos regulamentares para obter uma AIM, a legislação governamental interligada à sustentabilidade dos Sistemas de Saúde e do mercado Europeu, as regras da propriedade intelectual e o acesso da população ao Medicamento. Tendo como propósito final, a luta por melhores cuidados de saúde num mercado mais justo e competitivo, e valorizando a vida, com toda a sua constante capacidade de inovação e sujeita à mudança.

A generic medicine is developed to be essentially similar of a medicine that has already been authorized, containing the same active substance(s) of the branded-name reference medicine. However, they can differ in name, appearance and packaging considering the possibility of possessing different excipients, and also different forms of the active substance as long as it does not affect the medicine’s activity. These are manufactured according to the same quality, efficacy and safety standards as all other medicines and health products, as it is assured by pharmaceutical regulatory authorities that perform periodic inspections to ensure and validate good manufacturing practices. Despite a general mistrust on generic products by the population, this tendency has been progressively decreasing. The Marketing Authorization Holder (MAH) of a generic product can only obtain data for the developing of its product once the period of exclusivity on the reference medicine has ended. This period of market exclusivity and data protection is given by the European Union legislation to the company that created the original product, for a defined period of time. Pharmaceutical industries as globalized capitalism entities may use patent law in order to obtain longer periods of protection, recurring to a various amount of strategies through Research and Development (R&D), business related solutions or even patent settlement agreements. However, this temporary monopoly position and competitive advantage inherent to a protective patent, allows the recovery of high-stakes investments made in R&D, simultaneously generating revenue, further innovation stimulation and economic growth, as we can comprehend a notable dependency in a system that protects its intellectual property.Having knowledge of the current economic and social climate we live in, it is crucial to value generic medicines in a costs-saving policy driven agenda, as they are much cheaper than innovators. In a sense to comprehend the regulatory legal requirements for a Marketing Authorization Introduction, government legislative measures interconnected with sustainable Health Systems and European markets, patenting rules and the essential medicines’ access to people. For the final purpose to fight for better healthcare provisions in a fair and competitive market, while valorizing life with all its innovative and ever-changing ability.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas apresentado à Faculdade de Farmácia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Regulatory Environment, Pharmaceutical Industry, Propriedade Intelectual, Generic Medicines, Patent Protection, Área Regulamentar, Proteção por Patente, Intellectual Property, Medicamentos Genéricos, Indústria Farmacêutica

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green