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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2017
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Análise experimental do ensaio de atrito com freio

Authors: Barros, João Ricardo Pleno Rascão de;

Análise experimental do ensaio de atrito com freio

Abstract

Os aços convencionais têm vindo a ser substituídos pelos de alta resistência na produção de componentes em chapa, em particular na indústria automóvel, devido à excelente relação entre resistência e peso. De facto, a elevada resistência específica permite garantir os requisitos de segurança e de redução de peso, i.e. redução de consumo. Contudo, os aços de alta resistência apresentam uma formabilidade imprevisível com base na curva limite de estampagem, retorno elástico elevado e suscetibilidade a danos de superfície como gripagem, uma vez que a deformação plástica envolve pressões de contacto mais elevadas do que as exigidas pelos aços convencionais.De modo a compreender os mecanismos de contacto que ocorrem durante a estampagem foram propostos diferentes ensaios tribológicos, dos quais se destaca o ensaio de atrito com freio, uma vez que permite a avaliação do coeficiente de atrito e a reprodução de condições com inversão da trajetória de deformação. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é explorar a potencialidade do ensaio de atrito com freio para estudar o comportamento mecânico e tribológico dos aços de alta resistência, incluindo a geração de calor por deformação plástica e/ou atrito. O equipamento utilizado foi projetado no âmbito do projeto PTDC/EME-TME/74152/2006, de modo a possibilitar a realização dos ensaios com recurso a uma máquina de ensaios de tração. O presente trabalho envolveu a elaboração de um guia para o procedimento experimental, de modo a garantir a reprodutibilidade dos ensaios, que inclui a definição dos métodos a utilizar na aquisição do campo de temperatura, bem como no tratamento e análise dos resultados. Os resultados analisados incluem a evolução com o tempo da força do punção e da amarra e da temperatura da chapa, o perfil após retorno elástico, a pressão de contacto e a análise dos perfis de rugosidade da superfície da chapa.Os resultados mostram que o ensaio de atrito com freio permite evidenciar as variações de temperatura associadas ao processo de conformação, em particular para velocidades de escorregamento e pressões contacto elevadas. No entanto, o efeito da velocidade de escorregamento está associado aos fenómenos de transmissão de calor, o que requer uma melhor compreensão acerca dos parâmetros que influenciam estes fenómenos. O facto de o ensaio reproduzir condições de flexão-deflexão, típicas dos processos de conformação, pode constituir uma ponte interessante para a melhoria dos modelos de comportamento mecânico e de contacto com atrito utilizados atualmente na simulação numérica do processo.

Conventional steels have been replaced by Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) in the production of sheet components, particularly in the automotive industry, due to their excellent weight to strength ratio. In fact, the high specific strength guarantees the safety and weight reduction requirements, leading to consumption reduction. However, AHSS show unpredictable formability based on the forming limit curve, high yield strength and are susceptibility to surface damage like adhesion, since their plastic deformation involves higher contact pressures than those required by conventional steels.In order to understand the contact mechanisms that occur during sheet metal forming, different tribological tests were proposed, of which the drawbead test stands out, since it allows the evaluation of the coefficient of friction and the reproduction of forming conditions with inversion of the strain path.The main objective of this work is to explore the potential of the drawbead friction test to evaluate the mechanical and tribological behavior of AHSS, including the heat generated by plastic deformation and/or friction. The equipment used was designed as part of the PTDC/EME-TME/74152/2006 project, in order to enable the tests to be performed in a tensile test machine. The present work involved the elaboration of a guide for the experimental procedure, in order to guarantee the test reproducibility, which includes the definition of the methods to be used for acquiring the temperature field, as well as for the treatment and analysis of the results. The analyzed results include the evolution with time of the punch and grip load and the specimen’s temperature. The specimen’s profile after springback as well as the sheet surface contact pressure and roughness profiles, were also studied.The results show that the drawbead test allows measuring the temperature variations associated with the forming process, in particular for high sliding speeds and contact pressures. However, the sliding velocity effect is associated with heat transfer phenomena, which requires a better understanding of the parameters which influence these phenomena. The fact that the test reproduces bending-unbending conditions, typical of stamping processes, can be an interesting bridge for the improvement of the mechanical behavior and friction contact models currently used in the numerical simulation of these processes.

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Outro - P2020-PTDC/EMS-TEC/6400/2014

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Estampagem, Ensaio de atrito com freio, Stamping, Drawbead test, Aços de alta resistência, Advanced High Strength Steels, Heat generated by plastic deformation and friction, Campo térmico, Thermal field, Calor gerado por deformação e atrito

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green