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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2017
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Tratamento Integrado de Lixiviados de Aterro

Authors: Garcia, Joana Filipa Castanheira;

Tratamento Integrado de Lixiviados de Aterro

Abstract

O objetivo da presente tese foi o estudo de diferentes esquemas de integração de tratamentos para a remediação de lixiviados de aterro. As tecnologias selecionadas foram a coagulação-floculação, oxidação pelo processo de Fenton e tratamento biológico aeróbio. Este estudo é importante uma vez que a legislação relativa à descarga de águas residuais é cada vez mais rigorosa. De facto, os problemas ambientais decorrentes da descarga não controlada destas águas têm levado à necessidade de adotar medidas eficientes e económicas capazes de minimizar o impacte dos efluentes nos ecossistemas. A escolha do tipo de tratamento (ou integração de processos) mais adequado depende das características do efluente a tratar, dos requisitos finais pretendidos, do custo e disponibilidade de equipamentos e espaço. A Adventech é uma empresa que surge neste sentido, desenvolvendo tecnologias de tratamento de águas residuais de acordo com o efluente produzido, otimizando processos para o seu tratamento. Nesta dissertação, com o objectivo de obter a melhor sequência de tratamentos para os lixiviados de aterro, foram montados três reatores SBR (sequencing batch reactors) à escala piloto. Dois destes reatores foram alimentados com lixiviado pré-tratado (utilizando os métodos coagulação-floculação e oxidação de Fenton) e um sem pré-tratamento. Posteriormente ao tratamento biológico foi feito ainda um pós-tratamento recorrendo a coagulação-floculação e assim perceber qual o processo integrado mais eficiente de acordo com as eficiências de remoção dos parâmetros exigidos pela legislação em vigor.Os parâmetros analisados foram pH, oxigénio dissolvido (O2), carência química de oxigénio (CQO), carência bioquímica de oxigénio (CBO5), sólidos suspensos totais (SST), sólidos dissolvidos totais (SDT), turbidez, azoto e fósforo. De modo a perceber a adaptação e evolução dos microorganismos à carga orgânica introduzida diariamente aos reatores, foi feita também a análise microbiológica.Este estudo permitiu concluir que o processo mais eficiente para o tratamento deste tipo de lixiviado de aterro é o biológico sem pré e pós tratamento com eficiências de remoção de CQO de 73%, azoto de 84% e fósforo de 84%.

The objective of the present thesis was the study of different schemes of treatments integration for the remediation of landfill leachate. The selected technologies were coagulation-flocculation, oxidation by the Fenton process and aerobic biological treatment. This study is important since the legislation on the discharge of wastewater is increasingly stringent. In fact, the environmental problems resulting from the uncontrolled discharge of these waters have led to the need to adopt efficient and economic measures capable of minimizing the impact of effluents on ecosystems.The choice of the most appropriate type of treatment (or process integration) depends on the characteristics of the effluent to be treated, the final requirements, the cost and availability of equipment and space. Adventech is a company that appears in this sense, developing wastewater treatment technologies according to the effluent produced, optimizing processes for its treatment.In this dissertation, in order to obtain the best sequence of treatments for landfill leachates, three pilot scale SBR reactors were set up. Two of these reactors were fed with pretreated leachate (using coagulation-flocculation and Fenton oxidation methods) and one without pretreatment. Subsequent to the biological treatment, a post-treatment was carried out using coagulation-flocculation and thus to understand which process was more efficient according to the efficiency of removing the parameters required by the legislation in force.The parameters analyzed were pH, dissolved oxygen (O2), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, nitrogen and phosphorus. In order to understand the adaptation and evolution of the microorganisms to the organic load introduced daily to the reactors, the microbiological analysis was also done.This study allowed concluding that the most efficient process for the treatment of this type of landfill leachate is biological with COD removal efficiencies of 73%, nitrogen of 84% and phosphorous of 84%.

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Química apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Coagulation-Flocculation, Fenton Oxidation, Activated Sludge Process, Landfill Leachate, Tratamento Aeróbio, Coagulação-Floculação, Aerobic Treatment, Oxidação de Fenton, Processo Lamas ativadas, Lixiviado de Aterro

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green