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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2018
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Novos Autoanticorpos na Dermatomiosite

Authors: Azeiteiro, Alexandre Rafael Isidoro;

Novos Autoanticorpos na Dermatomiosite

Abstract

Introdução: A dermatomiosite é uma miopatia inflamatória idiopática da pele e do músculo que se presume ter uma patogénese autoimune e que apresenta características clínicas próprias, mas num espectro clínico muito variado. Os autoanticorpos estão presentes na maioria dos casos e parecem relacionar-se com as características clínicas e doenças associadas, orientação terapêutica e prognóstico. Materiais e métodos: A pesquisa bibliográfica para a elaboração deste artigo foi obtida através da plataforma pubmed. Foram selecionados artigos de revisão, artigos científicos e relatos de casos clínicos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Após análise e crítica dos artigos selecionados, realizou-se o presente artigo de revisão.Resultados: Verificou-se que a presença dos anticorpos específicos de miosite se associa a características próprias da DM. Os anticorpos anti-sintetase estão associados a doença pulmonar intersticial e os anti-Mi2 associam-se à DM clássica e estes doentes apresentam geralmente bom prognóstico com uma boa resposta ao tratamento com corticosteroides. O anticorpo anti-MDA5 foi associado a DM amiopática e doença pulmonar intersticial rapidamente progressiva e estudos recentes vieram mostrar a sua associação a níveis baixos de ferritina e “mãos de mecânico”. O anticorpo anti-NPX-2 associa-se a manifestações cutâneas menos intensas, à exceção da calcinose, e a sintomas musculares mais pronunciados, e mais frequentemente a malignidade. O anticorpo anti-TIF1 é um dos anticorpos mais frequentes na DM juvenil e têm-se mostrado um bom marcador para a malignidade associada à DM. Não se parece associar a manifestações sistémicas da doença, mas associa-se, por outro lado, a manifestações cutâneas intensas. A presença de anticorpo anti-SAE parece associar-se ao desenvolvimento de miosite progressiva, particularmente disfagia, sendo o quadro por vezes acompanhado de sintomas constitucionais e boa resposta ao tratamento. Conclusão: A descoberta de novos anticorpos tem permitido uma abordagem mais focada no paciente com DM uma vez que a sua presença se associa a características próprias que possibilitam direcionar o diagnóstico, prognóstico e terapêutica. Seria útil a realização de estudos com amostras mais abrangentes de forma a descrever melhor as características descritas nos estudos recentes, principalmente dos novos autoanticorpos.

Introduction: Dermatomiositis is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy of the skin and muscle presumed to have an autoimmune pathogenesis and presents with various clinical characteristics within a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. Autoantibodies are present in most cases and seem to be related to different clinical features, associated diseases, therapeutic orientation and prognosis.Materials and methods: Bibliographic research for the elaboration of this article was obtained through the Pubmed platform. Selected review articles, scientific articles and reports of clinical cases published in the last ten years were the object of a careful and critical analysis to perform the present review.Results: The presence of specific myositis antibodies has been shown to be associated with specific DM characteristics. Anti-synthetase antibodies are associated with interstitial lung disease and anti-Mi2 are associated with classical DM and a good overall prognosis and a good response to corticosteroids. Anti-MDA5 is associated with amiopathic DM and rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease, with recent studies showing association with low levels of ferritin and “mechanic’s hand”. Anti-NPX-2 is associated with less intense skin manifestations, with exception of calcinosis, more pronounced muscular symptoms and the coexistence of malignancy. Anti-TIF1 is one of the most frequent antibodies in juvenile DM and has been demonstrated to be specific marker for malignancy associated with DM. It does not seem to be associated with systemic manifestation of the disease, but mostly with intense cutaneous manifestations. Anti-SAE antibodies appear to be associated with the development of progressive myositis, particularly dysphagia, accompanied sometimes by constitutional symptoms. These patients have, in general, a good response to treatment. Conclusion: The discovery of new antibodies has allowed a more focused approach of the patient with DM since its presence is associated with particular characteristics that allow a more correct diagnosis of the subtype of dermatomiositis. Studies with more comprehensive samples would be useful in order to better define the characteristics described in recent studies, especially regarding these new antibodies.

Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

autoanticorpos, anti-NPX-2, Dermatomiositis, Dermatomiosite, anti-MDA-5, autoantibodies, malignidade, malignancy

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green