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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2016
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Altmetrias: novas métricas para o trabalho científico

Authors: Silva, Luís Carlos Marques da;

Altmetrias: novas métricas para o trabalho científico

Abstract

As métricas fazem parte do ciclo de investigação científica, desde a candidatura a financiamento, a promoção na carreira, e na avaliação dos resultados da investigação. Estes são publicados geralmente sob a forma de artigo científico, embora possa também ser software e inclusive, muitos deles acompanhado por um conjunto de dados, suporte da própria investigação realizada. Tradicionalmente, métricas como o Factor de Impacto, e muitas outras, foram e continuam sendo utilizadas na avaliação das pesquisas e currículos. Nos últimos anos estas métricas têm sofrido críticas devido à sua má utilização, tendo dado origem a tomadas de posição como a Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) e o Manifesto de Leiden. Dentre as métricas surgidas com a Web estão as chamadas “altmetrias”, nomeadas oficialmente em 2010, consideradas complementares às tradicionais que fazem uso das plataformas da Web Social para recolha de dados. As “altmetrias” tornaram-se, assim, o objeto de um campo de investigação, no qual se procura dar respostas ao significado destas métricas e à possibilidade da sua efetiva utilização. O objetivo geral do trabalho é o de refletir sobre os desenvolvimentos de métricas complementares, incluindo as limitações da sua utilização. Para cumprir o objetivo deste trabalho que é, essencialmente, uma revisão e discussão da literatura, foi efetuada uma recolha na Web of Science, Library and Information Science Source da EBSCO e ResearchGate. O volume de trabalhos publicados sobre o tema originou um recorte temporal, tendo sido considerados apenas os trabalhos publicados em 2015. A restante literatura utilizada não versa estritamente sobre “altmetrias”, mas é essencial para a compreensão deste estudo. Alguns dos trabalhos considerados (de Lin e Fenner (2013) sobre os ALMs, da NISO (2014) acerca da implementação das “altmetrias” e o de Haustein, Bowman e Costas (2015) sobre a interpretação das “altmetrias”) são, pela sua importância, usados de um modo mais intensivo, até porque se pensa que terão consequências nas considerações futuras sobre esta matéria. Alguns dos resultados e discussões atuais referem que estas métricas possuem potencialidades para medir o impacto da pesquisa científica para além do mundo académico, sobretudo porque são mais rápidas de obter, mostram o impacto para diferentes produtos académicos, a diversidade de fontes altmétricas permite adicionar robustez aos cálculos através da triangulação, os seus dados são mais transparentes pois estão publicamente disponíveis e podem ajudar na descoberta de tendências de linhas de investigação. Apesar disso, ainda não é claro o que está a ser medido e tal como acontece com as métricas tradicionais, podem ser manipuladas. Dentre as conclusões possíveis, salienta-se que poderão vir a ter uma maior aceitação, para a qual contribui a normalização em curso, e que as ações do presente irão influenciar o futuro destas novas métricas.

Metrics are part of the scientific research cycle, from application to funding, career promotion, and evaluation of research results. Most of them are published in journals, and other scientific outputs such as software and even many of them include a set of data that support the research itself. Traditionally, metrics such as the Impact Factor, among others, were and continue to be used in the evaluation of research and curricula. In recent years these metrics have been criticized because of its misuse, have given rise to statements such as the Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) and the Manifesto of Leiden. Among the metrics that have arisen with the Web are so-called "altmetrics" named officially in 2010, regarded as complementary to traditional making use of the Social Web platforms for data collection. The "altmetrics" became thus the object of a research field in which it seeks to provide answers to the meaning of these metrics and the possibility of their effective use. The overall objective of this study is to reflect on the development of additional metrics, including the current limits and limitations of its use. To fulfill the objective of this work that is, essentially, a review and discussion of the literature, the sources used were the Web of Science from Thomson Reuteurs, Libray and Information Science Source from EBSCO, and ResearchGate. The volume of papers published on the subject produced a time frame, and only the works published in 2015 were considered. The remaining literature used in spite of being not strictly about "altmetrics" it was considered essential for its understanding. Some of the works about the ALMS (Lin and Fenner, 2013), the implementation of the "altmetrics" (NISO, 2014), and the interpretation of "altmetrics" (Haustein, Bowman and Costas, 2015) are by its importance used more intensively, because we think that they will have consequences in the future consideration of this matter. Some of the results and current discussions indicate that these metrics have the potential to measure the impact of scientific research beyond the academic world, especially because they are faster to obtain, show the impact for different academic products, the diversity of altmetrics sources allows to add robustness to calculations by triangulating, its data is more transparent because they are publicly available and can help in discovery research trend lines. Nevertheless, it is still not clear what is to be measured, and as with the traditional metrics can be handled. Among the possible conclusions, we stress that are likely to have greater acceptance, which contributes to the ongoing normalization, and that the present actions will influence the future of these new metrics.

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciência da Informação, apresentada à Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Altmetrias, Métricas de avaliação científica, Web Social

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green