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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2012
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Tentando identificar indivíduos através dos seus crânios: um exercício de antropologia forense

Authors: Simão, Joana Massano Lucas;

Tentando identificar indivíduos através dos seus crânios: um exercício de antropologia forense

Abstract

A identificação positiva é muito importante nas Ciências Forense, tanto por razões legais como humanitárias. Hoje em dia, há um elevado número de indivíduos desaparecidos, dependendo a investigação destes casos de uma correcta identificação. Há situações em que os cadáveres chegam ao Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses já esqueletizados e é nestes casos que o papel da Antropologia Forense é fundamental, pois consegue, por exemplo estimar o sexo, a idade, a estatura, sendo estes dados uma grande valia. Assim sendo, o objectivo inicial deste trabalho era tentar identificar/excluir indivíduos desaparecidos através de técnicas de sobreposição de imagens/sobreposição craniofacial usando o programa “Composite Lab Rebuilden, Craniofacial Superimposition” disponibilizado pela Polícia Judiciária (PJ). Como não foi possível aceder a este programa, tentou confrontar-se o perfil biológico de crânios disponíveis no gabinete de Antropologia Forense do Serviço de Patologia do Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses – Delegação do Sul, I.P (INMLCF) com a descrição e fotografias retiradas do site da PJ de indivíduos que se encontram desaparecidos. Para isso, procedeu-se à observação e descrição das características de 25 crânios e de seguida compararam-se os dados obtidos post-mortem com os dados disponíveis de 13 pessoas desaparecidas, tendo estas sido escolhidas tendo em conta o ano de desaparecimento, o sexo e a idade na altura em que desapareceram. vi Assim, conclui-se que as identificações positivas não foram conseguidas sobretudo pela ausência de mais dados ante-mortem sobre os desaparecidos. Foi no entanto possível fazer exclusões, o que pode ser considerado um resultado positivo

Positive identification is very important in Forensic Sciences, for both legal and humanitarian reasons. Nowadays, the number of missing people is very high, and the investigation of these cases depends on a correct identification. There are some situations in which the corpses arrive at the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences already skeletonized and in these cases the role of Forensic Anthropology is fundamental, as it can, for example, to estimate sex, age, stature, being these data of a great value. Therefore, the initial purpose of this work was to try to identify/exclude missing people through overlay techniques of images/craniofacial overlay using the application "Composite Lab Rebuilden, Craniofacial Superimposition" available from "Polícia Judiciária" (PJ). As it was not possible to access this application, we tried to confront the biological profile of available skulls from the office of Forensic Anthropology of the Pathology Service of the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences - South Delegation, I.P (INMLCF) with the description and photos, taken from the PJ website, of people that are still missing. For this, we proceeded to the observation and description of the characteristics of 25 skulls followed by a comparison of the obtained post-mortem data with the available data of 13 missing people, having these been chosen taking into account the disappearance year, sex and age at the time they disappeared. Thus, we conclude that the positive identifications were not achieved mostly because of the absence of more ante-mortem data about the missing people. However, it was possible to do some exclusions, which can be considered a positive result.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Evolução e Biologia Humanas, apresentada ao Departamento de Ciências da Vida da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Pessoas desaparecidas, Identificação positiva, Dados ante-mortem e post-mortem, Antropologia Forense

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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