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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2014
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Ação do licopeno na prevenção e tratamento do cancro da próstata

Authors: Lopes, Catarina Isabel Isidoro;

Ação do licopeno na prevenção e tratamento do cancro da próstata

Abstract

O cancro da próstata é a neoplasia maligna mais frequentemente diagnosticada no sexo masculino, sendo também a segunda causa de morte por cancro nos países ocidentais. As taxas de incidência são mais elevadas na Austrália, Europa Ocidental e América do Norte, quando comparadas com países da Ásia Central e Oriental. Trata-se de uma doença diagnosticada predominantemente na sexta e sétima décadas de vida. Os mecanismos moleculares envolvidos na iniciação e progressão do carcinoma da próstata ainda não estão perfeitamente identificados. Contudo, sabe-se que alguns dos fatores implicados na patogénese da doença incluem: idade avançada, etnia, dieta alimentar, inflamação, metabolismo androgénico e ativação de oncogenes, constituindo fatores de risco em parte associados a um aumento de stress oxidativo. Por sua vez, este resulta do balanço entre a produção de espécies reativas de oxigénio (ROS) e defesas antioxidantes. Nos últimos anos, tem-se dado grande importância a estratégias que possibilitem prevenir o cancro baseadas na proteção contra o aumento de stress oxidativo. Diversos componentes alimentares foram identificados como compostos anticarcinogénicos, antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórios, com efeito demonstrado na prevenção do cancro da próstata. Alguns destes compostos, incluem o licopeno, o qual evidencia ainda propriedades terapêuticas sobre esta neoplasia que poderão traduzir a indução de apoptose e bloqueio da progressão do ciclo celular das células neoplásicas. Estas evidências suscitam interesse no estudo do efeito de dietas ricas em licopeno, abundante no tomate, e suplementos do mesmo para prevenção e/ou terapêutica do cancro da próstata. O objetivo deste artigo de revisão é fazer uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as propriedades do licopeno que permitem melhor compreender o seu potencial contributo no que diz respeito à prevenção e terapêutica do cancro da próstata, tendo em conta as evidências clínicas e científicas demonstradas, nomeadamente, no que concerne à modulação do stress oxidativo.

Prostate cancer is the most frequently malignancy diagnosed among men. It is also the second cause of death due to cancer in the Western countries. Incidence rates are clearly higher in developed countries such as Australia, Western Europe and Northern America when compared with countries in South-Central Asia. The majority of diagnoses occur during the sixth or seventh decades of life. The molecular mechanisms involved in initiation and progression of prostate cancer remain unclear. However, there´s evidence that some factors implicated in disease’s pathogenesis include: advanced age, race, food, inflammation, androgen metabolism and oncogenes activation. Some of these risk factors are associated with the increase of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress results from the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses. In recent years strategies that allow cancer prevention through protection against the increment of oxidative stress have been investigated. Various food components are identified as anticarcinogenic, antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds with demonstrated effect on prostate cancer prevention. Some of these compounds such as lycopene also demonstrate therapeutic properties for this kind of cancer that may be associated with apoptotic induction and intervention on the progression of cell cycle of cancer cells. These evidences raise the interest in studying the effect of diets rich in lycopene, which is abundant in tomatoes, as well as supplements of it in the prevention and/or treatment of prostate cancer. This review of the literature is aimed to address the properties of lycopene improving the understanding of their potential contribution in the prevention and therapy of prostate cancer, taking into account the clinical and scientific evidences demonstrated, namely, regarding the modulation of oxidative stress.

Trabalho final de mestrado integrado em Medicina (Fisiopatologia), apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Cancro da próstata, licopeno, stress oxidativo, tratamento, prevenção

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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Cancer Research