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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2015
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Osteomielites

Authors: Tavares, Ana Paula Gomes;
Abstract

Introdução: A osteomielite, patologia infecciosa ortopédica, constitui um desafio para os médicos cirurgiões ortopédicos, pela dificuldade de implementação de um algoritmo terapêutico válido para cada situação clínica, tornando imperativo investigar os diversos aspectos relacionados com a sua fisiopatologia, e o protocolo de tratamento mais adequado. Objectivos: Este artigo de revisão propõe-se então a fazer uma breve revisão teórica sobre os conhecimentos já estabelecidos sobre osteomielite e a descrever os benefícios e riscos dos tratamentos disponíveis, apresentando uma proposta de tratamento, de acordo com a classificação actual de cada uma das suas formas. Materiais e Métodos: O tema foi revisto utilizando a interface de pesquisa biblioteca de conhecimento Online - Elsevier e PubMed da Medline, utilizando as palavras chave, na língua inglesa, “osteomyelitis”, “osteitis”, “fracture complications bone infection”,”Brodie abscess”, “subacute osteomyelitis” e “acute osteomyelitis”. As pesquisas efetuadas nas bases de dados referidas forneceram mais de 1000 referências. Os artigos foram selecionados pela relevância do seu conteúdo, sendo que alguns foram excluídos pelo facto de existirem artigos semelhantes mais recentes. Adicionalmente foi consultado o livro Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics, twelfht edition e foram ainda analisadas as referências do artigo “Long Bone Osteomyelitis in Adults: Fundamental Concenpts and Current Techniques” de Sanders e Mauffrey, 2014. Resultados: Apesar de vários estudos demonstrarem bons resultados com as técnicas disponíveis, não existe uma abordagem consensual no que respeito ao tratamento da osteomielite. Deste modo, os protocolos médico e cirúrgico, complementam-se entre si, pelo que frequentemente num doente, se recorre a ambas. A limpeza e remoção de tecido afectado são os primeiros passos de qualquer tratamento. A terapêutica médica antibiótica deve ser realizada em osteomielites infecciosas agudas, sub-agudas e crónicas. A terapêutica cirúrgica consiste num desbridamente alargado, sequestrectomia e, se necessário, posterior estabilização com um enxerto ósseo e cobertura com tecidos moles. A terapêutica da CRMO é visa o controlo da auto-imunidade. Discussão e conclusão: Atendendo a que a etiopatogenia da osteomielite ainda não se encontra totalmente explicada, seria relevante investigar esta matéria. A análise das metodologias também deve ser feita, para que se possam encontrar métodos mais promissores de resolução da osteomielite, através de um maior número de estudos randomizados, com ensaios clínicos.

Introduction: Osteomyelitis, ortophaedic infectious pathology, represents a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons, given the difficultie that is implementing a valide therapeutic algorithm to each clinical situation, making imperative to investigate several aspects related do its pathophysiology and the most proper treatment protocol. Objectives: The aim of this article is to do a brief theoretical review of the already acquired knowledge about osteomyelitis and to describe the benefits and disavantages of the available treatments, proposing an approach according the present classification of the each form of the disease. Material and Methods: The information for this review was compiled by searching the online knowledge database - Elsevier and Pubmed (Medline) database with the following search key words: “osteomyelitis”, “osteitis”, “fracture complications bone infection”,”Brodie abscess”, “subacute osteomyelitis” e “acute osteomyelitis”. Papers were prioritized by relevant content and some were excluded due to the similarity with more recent articles. Additionally it was consulted the book Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics, twelfht edition, by S. Terry Canale and James H. Beaty and were analysed the references of the article “Long Bone Osteomyelitis in Adults: Fundamental Concenpts and Current Techniques” de Sanders e Mauffrey, 2014. Results: Despite several studies report good results with the some of the available techniques approaches, no consensus has been established. The medical and surgical protocols complement each other, so frequenty in one pacient both are performed. Cleaning and removing affected tissue are the first steps of any treatment. Antibiotical theraphy is indicated in acute, subacute and chronical infectious osteomyelitis. Surgical approach consists in wide debridement, sequestrectomy and, if necessary, posterior stabilization with a bone graf and soft tissue coverage. CRMO treatment attempts to control auto-imune system. Discussion and conclusion: As the pathophysiology remains unknown, it would be relevant to investigate the this matter. Treatment methodologies should be also analysed in order to find new promising techniques that may conduct to the reasolution of osteomyelitis, through more randomized studies, with clinical trials.

Trabalho final de mestrado integrado em Medicina, apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

estabilização, enxerto ósseo, desbridamento, Osteomielite, dor, cirurgia, antibióticos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green