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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2014
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Processamento emocional no defeito cognitivo ligeiro

Authors: Antunes, Bárbara Ruivo;

Processamento emocional no defeito cognitivo ligeiro

Abstract

O processamento emocional diz respeito à habilidade do indivíduo para inferir informação emocional, isto é, perceber o que o outro está a sentir através da sua expressão facial, voz e/ou combinação de ambas. Estudos realizados com quadros demenciais, essencialmente Demência Frontotemporal (DFT) e Doença de Alzheimer (DA), evidenciam um défice superior ao esperado em relação à idade. Este é particularmente significativo na DFT, sendo inclusive considerado nos critérios de diagnóstico mais recentes para a Variante do Comportamento. Recentemente têm sido realizados estudos sobre o processamento emocional no Defeito Cognitivo Ligeiro (DCL), sendo sugerido um envolvimento precoce destas funções com um perfil semelhante aos doentes com DA. OBJETIVOS: Analisar o perfil de desempenho de uma amostra de sujeitos com DCL amnésico no Comprehensive Affect Testing System (CATS), comparativamente a um grupo de doentes com DA, DFT e um grupo de controlos cognitivamente saudáveis. METODOLOGIA: A amostra foi constituída por 144 sujeitos, distribuídos em quatro grupos – 27 com DCL, 56 com DFT, 36 com DA e 25 controlos, submetidos a avaliação clínica e neuropsicológica compreensiva: avaliação cognitiva breve, bateria frontal, psicopatologia, funcionalidade, sintomatologia depressiva e ansiedade, e processamento emocional. RESULTADOS: Na avaliação cognitiva breve e na bateria frontal os grupos com demência obtiveram piores resultados em relação ao grupo de controlo e ao grupo com DCL, como esperado. Relativamente à avaliação do processamento emocional, os doentes com DCL apresentaram um perfil de desempenho semelhante aos doentes com demência e significativamente inferior ao grupo de controlo. Foram evidentes as diferenças entre os grupos nos três quocientes – afeto, prosódia e emoção global – com melhores resultados nos sujeitos com DCL comparativamente ao grupo DFT. O Quociente de Reconhecimento Emocional global revelou uma capacidade discriminativa elevada entre DCL e controlos, com valores de sensibilidade de 72% e 94% de especificidade para um ponto de corte de 72 pontos. O mesmo ponto de corte revelou uma capacidade discriminatória ligeiramente inferior mas igualmente significativa entre DCL e DA, com um pior desempenho dos primeiros, o que suporta a hipótese da existência de um défice no processamento emocional nos doentes em estadio DCL. Embora em termos globais o perfil de compromisso se aproxime dos resultados correspondentes ao grupo DFT, distingue-se destes pela afetação primordial da prosódia e pela relação significativa com outro tipo de sintomas psicopatológicos. CONCLUSÃO: Parece existir um défice no processamento emocional dos doentes DCL, à semelhança do que se tem verificado na DFT e na DA, e o Quociente de Reconhecimento Emocional global do CATS permite uma capacidade discriminativa elevada entre DCL e controlos.

The emotional processing concerns the ability of the individual to infer emotional information, that is realizing what the other is feeling through facial expression, speech and/or a combination of the two. Studies with dementia, particularly Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), have shown a higher than expected deficit in relation to age. This deficit is particularly significant in FTD, having been included in the most recent diagnostic criteria for its behavioral variant. Recently there have been somo studies on emotional processing in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), suggesting an early involvement of these functions with a similar profile to AD patients. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the performance profile of a sample of subjects with amnestic MCI in the Comprehensive Affect Testing System (CATS), compared with a group of patients with AD, FTD and a cognitively healthy control group. METHODS: The sample consisted of 144 subjects, divided into four groups - 27 with MCI, 56 with FTD, 36 with AD, and 25 controls, who underwent comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological assessment: a brief cognitive assessment, frontal battery, psychopathology, functionality, depression, anxiety and emotional processing. RESULTS: In the brief cognitive assessment instruments and frontal battery the dementia groups obtained significantly worst results than the control and MCI groups, as expected. Regarding emotional processing, MCI subjects presented a performance profile similar to dementia patients and significantly worst than the control group. Differences between the groups were evident for the three CATS’s quotients – faces, prosody and global emotion – with higher results from MCI patients when compared to the FTD group. The global Emotion Recognition Quotient revealed high discriminative capacity between MCI and control subjects, with 72% sensitivity and 94% specificity for a cut-off score of 72 points. The same cut-off score revealed a slightly lower but still significant discriminatory capacity between MCI and AD, supporting the worst performance of the first group and the hypothesis of the existence of a deficit in emotional processing in patients in a state of MCI. Although globally the compromise profile of MCI subjects is apparently close to the results from the FTD group, they are distinct due to a primary deficit in prosody in the first group and to a significant relationship with distinct psychopathological symptoms. CONCLUSION: It appears to exist a deficit in emotional processing in MCI patients, similarly to what has been found in FTD and AD, and the CATS global Emotion Recognition Quotient allows a high discriminative capacity between MCI and normal controls.

Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Psicogerontologia Clínica), apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade de Coimbra

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Processamento emocional, Demência

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green