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Estudo Geral
Master thesis . 2012
Data sources: Estudo Geral
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Diversidade na Universidade: estilos de pensamento na resolução de problemas

Authors: Gonçalves, Inês Faria de Sousa;

Diversidade na Universidade: estilos de pensamento na resolução de problemas

Abstract

Com a finalidade última de contribuir para a compreensão do sucesso, particularmente, de estudantes de ensino superior, e dentre eles, estudantes que de algum modo são especiais ou diferentes, do ponto de vista da sua origem multicultural ou por especificidades de desenvolvimento, tomámos como construto de referência os estilos de resolução de problemas. Ou seja, em que medida diferentes estilos de pensamento podem facilitar ou não a adaptação académica dos estudantes na etapa de formação académica superior, que pressupõe processos complexos de transição? Serão os estilos pessoais de pensamento e de resolução de problemas um factor distintivo do sucesso dos estudantes? Haverá, de facto, estilos de maior resiliência e protetores quando se trata de perspetivar a diversidade dos estudantes em ambientes de formação avançada, de maior exigência cognitiva e complexidade de gestão emocional, social e de recursos? Serve a Teoria do Autogoverno Mental, de Robert Sternberg (1988), de sustentação para a defesa da tese de que os estilos de pensamento assumem funções, formas, níveis, âmbitos e tendências de maior vulnerabilidade versus proteção na aprendizagem e percursos de desenvolvimento dos estudantes do ensino superior. No caso de estudantes com necessidades educativas especiais, sejam elas de ordem linguística, cultural ou específicas, a identificação desses estilos de pensamento ainda se torna mais premente, para prevenir o sucesso na adaptação às tarefas de vida, neste período e contexto, de modo a acompanhar ou regular os processos de resolução de problemas localmente. De facto, dentro da diversidade sobressaem estilos de menor afirmação, assertividade e autonomia em situações “especiais” de deficiência ou de estudantes de sociedades mais conservadoras. Os estudantes masculinos surgem mais auto-afirmativos, enquanto as estudantes são executivas e de maior dependência social ou exterior.

Aiming to contribute to the understanding of success, particularly in higher education students, and among them, students who are somehow special or different from the standpoint of their multicultural origin or specific development, we conducted this study on the basis of thinking styles or styles of problem solving. That is, to what extent different thinking styles can facilitate or not the adaptation of the students in the academic stage of training and in the complex processes of transition? Are the personal styles of thinking and problem solving a distinguishing factor in student success? Are there will styles of resilience and protection when it comes to envisage the diversity of students in advanced training environments, with higher cognitive demand and complexity of managing emotional, and social resources? The framework of the Theory of Mental Self-Government, by Robert Sternberg (1988), supports the thesis that thinking styles assume functions, forms, levels, trends and areas of greatest vulnerability versus protection in learning and development pathways for students‟ higher education. For students with special educational linguistic, cultural or specific needs the identification of these thinking styles becomes even more urgent to prevent the successful adaptation to life tasks in this period and context in order to monitor or regulate the processes of solving problems locally. In fact, within the diversity of styles the results revealed that students in "special" situations of disability are lesser affirmative, less assertive and autonomous. Male students appear more self-assertive, while the female are executive and are more social dependent.

Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia (Psicopatologia da Educação, Desenvolvimento e Aconselhamento), apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação da Universidade de Coimbra

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Multiculturalidade, Resolução de problemas, Alunos do superior, Estilos de pensamento

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green